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1 audio

audĭo, īvi or ii, itum, 4, v. a. ( imperf. audibat, Ov F. 3, 507: audibant. Cat. 84, 8; fut. audibo, Enn. ap. Non. p. 506, 1:
audibis,
id. ib.; Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 86; id. Poen. 1, 2, 97; Caecil. ap. Gell. 7, 17 fin.; id. ap. Non. l. l.; cf. Struve, p. 137 sq.: audin = audisne, as ain = aisne; inf. perf. audīsse better than audivisse, acc. to Quint. 1, 6, 17) (cf. the Lacon. aus = hous; auris; Lith. ausis; Goth. auso; Germ. Ohr, and Engl ears [p. 202] the Fr. ouïr, and Lat. ausculto; Curtius also compares the Gr. aïô, to hear, perceive, and the Sanscr. av, to notice, to favor; v. ausculto, 1. aveo init., and cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 83 Müll.], to hear, to perceive or understand by hearing, to learn (audio pr. differs from ausculto as the Gr. akouô from akroaomai, the Germ. hören from horchen, and the Engl. to hear from to listen, the former of these words denoting an involuntary, the latter a voluntary act; other syn.: exaudio, sentio, cognosco, oboedio, dicor).
I.
A.. In gen.
a.
Aliquid:
auribus si parum audies terito cum vino brassicam, etc.,
Cato, R. R. 157 fin.:
ubi molarum strepitum audibis maximum, Enn. ap. Non. l. l. (Com. v. 7 Vahl. p. 153): verba,
Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 97; Vulg. Gen. 24, 30:
quae vera audivi, taceo,
Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 23:
Mane, non dum audīsti, Demea, Quod est gravissumum,
id. Ad. 3, 4, 21:
vocem,
id. Hec. 4, 1, 2:
vera an falsa,
id. And. 5, 4, 19:
mixtos vagitibus aegris Ploratus,
Lucr. 2, 579:
voces,
Verg. A. 4, 439; Hor. C. 3, 7, 22; Vulg. Gen. 3, 8; ib. Matt. 2, 18:
strepitus,
Verg. A. 9, 394:
sonitum,
Hor. C. 2, 1, 31:
haec,
id. ib. 3, 27, 51:
aquas,
Ov. Am. 3, 11, 30:
gemitus,
id. M. 7, 839; Vulg. Exod. 2, 24: ait se omnia audivisse, Titinn. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12:
ut quod te audīsse dicis numquam audieris,
Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 285:
Nihil enim habeo praeter auditum,
id. Off. 1, 10, 33:
quod quisque eorum de quāque re audierit,
Caes. B. G. 4, 5:
Hac auditā pugnā maxima pars sese Crasso dedidit,
id. ib. 3, 27:
Auditis hostium copiis respicerent suum ipsi exercitum,
Liv. 42, 52, 10:
quod cum audīsset Abram,
Vulg. Gen. 14, 14:
auditis sermonibus,
ib. 4 Reg. 22, 19; ib. Heb. 4, 3: clangorem tubae, ib:
Isa. 18, 3: symphoniam,
ib. Luc. 15, 25:
animal,
ib. Apoc. 6, 3; 6, 5 al. persaep.
b.
Constr., the person from whom one hears or learns any thing, with ex (so most freq.), ab, de, acc. and part., acc. and inf., cum or dum.
(α).
With ex:
verbum ex aliquo,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 8; so id. And. 2, 1, 2; 5, 4, 24; id. Eun. 1, 2, 34; id. Hec. 4, 1, 35; id. And. 3, 3, 2:
audivi ex majoribus natu hoc idem fuisse in P. Scipione Nasicā,
Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109:
hoc ex aliis,
id. Att. 5, 17:
ex obviis,
Liv. 28, 26; so Suet. Caes. 29; id. Dom. 12 al.. saepe audivi ex majoribus natu mirari solitum C. Fabricium etc., Cic. Sen. 13, 43; so Suet. Claud. 15.—
(β).
With ab:
a quibus cum audi/sset non multum superesse munitionis,
Nep. Them. 7, 2.—
(γ).
With de:
equidem saepe hoc audivi de patre et de socero meo,
i. e. from his mouth, Cic. de Or. 3, 33, 133; so id. Off. 3, 19, 77; id. Brut. 26, 100.—
(δ).
With acc. and part. pres. (cf. Zumpt, Gr. §
636): ut neque eum querentem quisquam audierit neque etc.,
Nep. Timol. 4, 1; so Suet. Calig. 22; Cat. 9, 6; 61, 125; 67, 41 al.—
(ε).
With acc. and inf.:
mihi non credo, quom illaec autumare illum audio,
Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 260:
Audin (eum) lapidem quaeritare?
id. Capt. 3, 4, 70:
erilem filium ejus duxisse audio Uxorem,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 1, 5; 2, 1, 59:
saepe hoc majores natu dicere audivi,
Cic. Mur. 28:
Gellius audierat patruom objurgare solere,
Cat. 74, 1; Verg. A. 1, 20; 4, 562:
audiet cives acuisse ferrum, Audiet pugnas juventus,
Hor. C. 1, 2, 21 sq.:
audire videor pios Errare per lucos,
id. ib. 3, 4, 5. —Hence also pass. with nom. and inf. (cf. Zumpt, Gr. §
607): Bibulus nondum audiebatur esse in Syriā,
was said, Cic. Att. 5, 18; so Caes. B. G. 7, 79.—
(ζ).
With cum or dum (cf. Zumpt, Gr. §
749): id quidem saepe ex eo audivi, cum diceret sibi certum esse,
Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 144:
quis umquam audivit, cum ego de me nisi coactus ac necessario dicerem?
id. Dom. 35; so id. Brut. 56; id. Fin. 5, 19, 54; id. de Or. 1, 28, 129; 1, 2, 99; Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 5:
auditus est certe, dum ex eo quaerit,
Suet. Dom. 4. —Diff. from the preced. constr. with de is audire de aliquo (aliquid); more freq. in pass. sense, to hear any thing concerning any one:
de psaltriā hac audivit,
Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 5:
illos etiam convenire aveo, de quibus audivi et legi,
Cic. Sen. 23, 83; so id. Att. 7, 20; id. Ac. 2, 2, 4; cf.:
aliquid in aliquem,
to hear something against, something bad of any one, id. de Or. 2, 70, 285 al. —
B.
In conversation.
(α).
Audi, as a call to gain attention, hear, attend, give ear, listen, = hoc age:
audi cetera,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 127:
audi heus tu,
id. ib. 4, 3, 52:
Dorio, audi, obsecro,
Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 1: Hoc audi, id. And. 3, 4, 11;
4, 1, 36: Quin tu audi,
Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 42:
quin tu hoc audi,
Ter. And. 2, 2, 9.—
(β).
Audis or audin = audisne? do you hear? atque audin? Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 70:
Equidem deciens dixi: Et domi [nunc] sum ego, inquam, ecquid audis?
id. Am. 2, 1, 27; id. Trin. 3, 2, 91:
Heus, audin quid ait? Quin fugis?
id. Capt. 3, 4, 60:
cura adversandum atque audin? quadrupedem constringito,
Ter. And. 5, 2, 24; 1, 5, 64:
Audin tu? Hic furti se adligat,
id. Eun. 4, 7, 39:
Audin quid dicam?
id. Hec. 1, 2, 3.—
c.
Audito, with a clause for its subject, as abl. absol. in the histt., upon the receipt of the news that, at the tidings that: audito, Q. Marcium in Ciliciam tendere, when news came that Q. Marcius etc., Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 1130 P.:
audito Machanidam famā adventūs sui territum refugisse Lacedaemonem,
Liv. 28, 7:
audito venisse missu Agrippinae nuntium Agerinum,
Tac. A. 14, 7.—
II.
Esp.,
A.
1.. In a pregnant signif., to listen to a person or thing, to give ear to, hearken to, attend:
etsi a vobis sic audior, ut numquam benignius neque attentius quemquam auditum putem,
Cic. Clu. 23, 63; so id. de Or. 1, 61, 259:
sed non eis animis audiebantur, qui doceri possent,
Liv. 42, 48; 1, 32; 5, 6:
ut legationes audiret cubans,
Suet. Vesp. 24; id. Caes. 32; id. Ner. 22; 23; Vulg. Job. 11, 2; ib. Psa. 33, 12; ib. Matt. 10, 14; ib. Heb. 3, 7 al.—
2.
Aliquem, of pupils, to hear a teacher, i. e. to receive instruction from, to study under:
te, Marce fili, annum jam audientem Cratippum,
Cic. Off. 1, 1, 1:
Jam Polemonem audiverant adsidue Zeno et Arcesilas,
id. Ac. 1, 9, 34; so id. N. D. 1, 14, 37; 3, 1, 2; id. Fat. 2, 4:
Diogenes venientem eum, ut se extra ordinem audiret, non admiserat,
Suet. Tib. 32; id. Gram. 10, 20 al.— Absol.: possumne aliquid audire? (i. e. will you communicate something to me?) tu vero, inquam, vel audire vel dicere, Cic. Fat. 2, 3:
ponere aliquid, ad quod audiam, volo,
id. ib. 2, 4.—
3.
De aliquā re or aliquid, aliquem, of judges, to listen or hearken to, to examine:
nemo illorum judicum clarissimis viris accusantibus audiendum sibi de ambitu putavit,
Cic. Fl. 39, 98:
de capite,
Sen. Ben. 2, 12 al. — Trop.:
de pace,
Liv. 27, 30:
dolos,
Verg. A. 6, 567:
nequissimum servum,
Suet. Dom. 11; so id. Aug. 93; id. Tib. 73; id. Claud. 15; id. Dom. 14; 16; Dig. 11, 3, 14 fin.; 28, 6, 10; 39, 2, 18 et saep.—
4.
Of prayer or entreaty, to hear, listen to, lend an ear to, regard, grant:
in quo di immortales meas preces audiverunt,
Cic. Pis. 19:
Curio ubi... neque cohortationes suas neque preces audiri intellegit,
Caes. B. C. 2, 42:
velut si sensisset auditas preces,
Liv. 1, 12:
audivit orationem eorum,
Vulg. Psa. 105, 44:
audisti verba oris mei,
ib. ib. 137, 1:
Audiat aversā non meus aure deus,
Tib. 3, 3, 28:
audiit et caeli Genitor de parte serenā Intonuit laevum,
Verg. A. 9, 630:
minus audientem carmina Vestam,
Hor. C. 1, 2, 27; 4, 13, 1:
audivit Dominus,
Vulg. Psa. 29, 11 al. —Also aliquem, to hear one, to grant his desire or prayer:
puellas ter vocata audis,
Hor. C. 3, 22, 3; so id. C. S. 34; 35:
Ferreus orantem nequiquam, janitor, audis,
Ov. Am. 1, 6, 27; id. M. 8, 598 al.:
Audi nos, domine,
Vulg. Gen. 23, 6; 23, 8:
semper me audis,
ib. Joan. 11, 42.—
B.
Aliquem, aliquid, or absol. audio, to hear a person or thing with approbation, to assent to, agree with, approve, grant, allow:
nec Homerum audio, qui Ganymeden ab dis raptum ait, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65:
Socratem audio dicentem cibi condimentum esse famem, sed qui ad voluptatem omnia referens vivit ut Gallonius, non audio,
id. Fin. 2, 28, 90; id. de Or. 1, 15, 68; 3, 28, 83; id. Marcell. 8, 25: audio ( I grant it, well, that I agree to, that is granted):
nunc dicis aliquid, quod ad rem pertineat,
id. Rosc. Am. 18 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 2, 59; 2, 5, 27:
non audio,
that I do not grant, id. ib. 2, 3, 34.—
C.
To hear, to listen to, to obey, heed; orig. and class. only with acc., but also with dat.—
a.
With acc.:
tecum loquere, te adhibe in consilium, te audi, tibi obtempera,
Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 2; id. N. D. 1, 20, 55:
ne ego sapientiam istam, quamvis sit erudita, non audiam,
id. Phil. 13, 3, 6:
si me audiatis, priusquam dedantur, etc.,
Liv. 9, 9:
Non, si me satis audias, Speres etc.,
Hor. C.1, 13, 13; 4, 14, 50; id. Ep. 1, 1, 48:
patris aut matris imperium,
Vulg. Deut. 21, 18 al. — Poet. transf. to inanimate things:
neque audit currus habenas,
heeds, Verg. G. 1, 514; so Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 187 (cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 13: equi frenato est auris in ore; and Pind. Pyth. 2, 21: harmata peisichalina):
nec minus incerta (sagitta) est, nec quae magis audiat arcum,
which better heeds the bow, Ov. M. 5, 382:
teque languenti manu Non audit arcus?
Sen. Herc. Oet. 980; so Stat. Th. 5, 412; Luc. 3, 594; 9, 931; Sil. 14, 392.—
b.
With dat.: nam istis qui linguam avium intellegunt, magis audiendum censeo, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 57, 131 (B. and K. isti):
sibi audire,
App. Mag. p. 326, 34; so, dicto audientem esse, to listen to one's word, to be obedient to one's word, to obey (not in Ter.):
dicto sum audiens,
I obey, Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 71; id. Trin. 4, 3, 55; id. As. 3, 1, 40; id. Men. 2, 3, 89:
qui dicto audientes in tantā re non fuisset,
Cic. Deiot. 8, 23 ' sunt illi quidem dicto audientes, id. Verr. 1, 88:
quos dicto audientes jussi,
id. ib. 5, 104.—And, on account of the signif. to obey, with a second personal dat.: dicto audientem esse alicui, to obey one (freq. and class.); cf.
Stallb. ad Rudd. Gr. II. p. 124, n. 38: vilicus domino dicto audiens sit,
Cato, R. R. 142: si habes, qui te audiat;
si potest tibi dicto audiens esse quisquam,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 44; 2, 4. 12; 2, 5, 32; id. Phil. 7, 2:
dicto audiens fuit jussis absentium magistratuum,
Nep. Ages. 4, 2; id. Lys. 1, 2; id. Iphicr. 2, 1:
interim Servio Tullio jubere populum dicto audientem esse,
Liv. 1, 41; 4, 26; 29, 20;
41, 10 al.—Once pleon. with oboedio: ne plebs nobis dicto audiens atque oboediens sit,
Liv. 5, 3.—
D.
To hear thus and thus, i. e. to be named or styled somehow (as in Gr. akouô; and in Engl. to hear, as Milton: Or hear'st thou rather pure ethereal stream, P. L. III. 7); and with bene or male (as in Gr. kalôs or kakôs akouein; cf. Milton: For which Britain hears ill abroad, Areop.; and Spenser: If old Aveugles sonnes so evil hear, F. Q. I. 5, 23), to be in good or bad repute, to be praised or blamed, to have a good or bad character:
benedictis si certāsset, audīsset bene (Bene audire est bene dici, laudari, Don.),
Ter. Phorm. prol. 20:
tu recte vivis, si curas esse quod audis,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 17:
rexque paterque Audisti coram,
id. ib. 1, 7, 38; so id. S. 2, 6, 20; Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 24; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 12; Cic. Att. 6, 1; id. Fin. 3, 17, 57; id. Leg. 1, 19; Nep. Dion, 7, 3:
Ille, qui jejunus a quibusdam et aridus habetur, non aliter ab ipsis inimicis male audire quam nimiis floribus et ingenii afluentia potuit,
Quint. 12, 10, 13 al. —In a play upon words: erat surdaster M. Crassus;
sed aliud molestius quod male audiebat,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 40, 116; so,
minus commode: quod illorum culpā se minus commode audire arbitrarentur,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 58.—
E.
As it were to hear, to hear mentally, i. e. to understand, to supply, something (later subaudio): cum subtractum verbum aliquod satis ex ceteris intellegitur, ut, stupere gaudio Graecus. Simul enim auditur coepit, is understood, is to be supplied, Quint. 9, 3, 58; 8, 5, 12.—Hence, audĭens, entis, P. a. subst.
A.
(Acc. to II. A.) A hearer, auditor ( = auditor, q. v., or qui audit, Cic. Brut. 80, 276)' ad animos audientium permovendos, Cic. Brut. 23, 89; 80, 279:
cum adsensu audientium egit,
Liv. 21, 10 al. —Hence, in eccl. Lat., a catechumen, Tert. Poen. 6.—
B.
(Acc. to II. C.) With the gen.: tibi servio atque audiens sum imperii, a hearer of, i. e. obedient to, your command, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 25.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > audio
2 opinio

ŏpīnĭo, ōnis, f. [id.], opinion, supposition, conjecture, imagination, fancy, belief (class.).
I.
In gen.:
apud homines barbaros opinio plus valet saepe, quam res ipsa,
Cic. Fragm. Scaur. 7:
est ergo aegritudo opinio recens mali praesentis... laetitia opinio recens boni praesentis... metus opinio impendentis mali... lubido opinio venturi boni, etc.,
id. Tusc. 4, 7, 14; cf. id. ib. 4, 11, 26:
magna nobis pueris opinio fuit, L. Crassum non plus attigisse doctrinae, quam,
id. de Or. 2, 1, 1:
ut opinio mea est,
as I suppose, as I believe, id. Fam. 9, 11, 1: ut opinio mea fert, as I believe, id. Font. 13, 39:
mea fert opinio, ut, etc.,
Dig. 24, 1, 32:
cujus opinionis etiam Cornelius Celsus est,
Celsus also is of this opinion, Col. 2, 12, 6:
Romulus habuit opinionem esse, etc.,
held the belief that, Cic. Div. 2, 33, 70:
fuisse in illa populari opinione,
to be of an opinion, id. Clu. 51, 142.—More rarely:
alicujus opinionis esse,
Col. 2, 12, 6:
in eādem opinione fui... te venturum esse,
Cic. Att. 8, 11, D, 3:
in quā me opinione sine causā esse, ne quis credat,
Liv. 44, 38, 4:
fuerunt in hac opinione non pauci, ut, etc.,
Quint. 3, 3, 11; cf. id. 4, 1, 28:
cum etiam philosophi Stoicae disciplinae in eādem sint opinione, ut censeant, etc.,
Lact. 2, 5, 7; 3, 8, 32:
cui opinioni nos quoque accedimus,
Quint. 2, 15, 29:
ipse eorum opinionibus accedo, qui, etc.,
Tac. G. 4:
adducere aliquem in eam opinionem, ut,
to make one believe, Cic. Caecin. 5, 13:
Pisidae in opinionem adducuntur perfugas fecisse, ut, etc.,
Nep. Dat. 6, 6:
praebere opinionem timoris,
to convey the impression, occasion the belief that one is afraid, Caes. B. G. 3, 17:
afferre alicui,
Cic. Off. 2, 13, 46: incidere in opinionem, to fall into the belief, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9, 1:
in opinionem discedere,
to come to the opinion, Cic. Fam. 6, 14, 2:
opinione duci,
to be led by one's belief, id. Mur. 30, 62: contra (praeter) opinionem, contrary to one's expectation:
dicere contra opiniones omnium,
id. Rosc. Am. 15, 45:
etsi praeter opinionem res ceciderat,
Nep. Milt. 2, 5.—With comp.: opinione citius, quicker than had been supposed, Varr. ap. Non. 356, 27:
istuc curavi, ut opinione illius pulcrior sis,
handsomer than he imagines, Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 23:
opinione melius res tibi habet tua, si, etc.,
id. Cas. 2, 5, 30:
opinione celerius,
Cic. Fam. 14, 23.—
II.
In partic.
A.
The repute of a man, the esteem, reputation in which others hold him, the opinion, estimate, expectation formed of him.
a.
In gen.:
opinione fortasse nonnullā, quam de meis moribus habebat,
Cic. Lael. 9, 30:
integritatis meae,
id. Att. 7, 2, 5:
non fallam opinionem tuam,
id. Fam. 1, 6, 2:
genus scriptorum tuorum vicit opinionem meam,
exceeded my expectation, id. ib. 5, 12, 1: venit in eam opinionem Cassius, ipsum finxisse bellum, Cassius fell under suspicion of having, was believed to have, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 10, 2: summam habere justitiae opinionem. Caes. B. G. 6, 24; 7, 59:
quorum de justitiā magna esset opinio multitudinis,
Cic. Off. 2, 12, 42:
(Porus) bellum jampridem, auditā Alexandri opinione, in adventum ejus parabat,
Just. 12, 8, 2.—
b.
Absol., reputation:
ne opinio quidem et fama, cui soli serviunt (poëtae), etc.,
Tac. Dial. 10 init.:
cupidi opinionis,
Quint. 12, 9, 4:
affert et ista res opinionem,
id. 2, 12, 5.—
c.
Bad repute, reputation for evil:
malignitatis opinionem vereri,
Tac. Dial. 15:
invidiae et ingrati animi,
Liv. 45, 38, 6.—
B.
A report, rumor:
divulgatā opinione tam gloriosae expeditionis,
Just. 42, 2, 11:
quae opinio erat edita in vulgus,
Caes. B. C. 3, 29, 3:
exiit opinio, proximo lustro descensurum eum ad Olympia,
Suet. Ner. 53:
opinio etiam sine auctore exierat, eos conspirasse, etc.,
Liv. 3, 36, 9:
opinionem serere,
to spread a report, Just. 8, 3, 8:
opiniones bellorum,
Vulg. Matt. 24, 6; id. Marc. 13, 7.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > opinio
3 adversa

ad-verto (archaic advor-), ti, sum, 3, v. a., to turn a thing to or toward a place (in this signif., without animus; mostly poet.; syn.: observare, animadvertere, videre, cognoscere).
I.
Lit.
A.
In gen., with in or dat.:
illa sese huc advorterat in hanc nostram plateam,
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 51:
in quamcunque domus lumina partem,
Ov. M. 6, 180; cf. id. ib. 8, 482:
malis numen,
Verg. A. 4, 611:
huc aures, huc, quaeso, advertite sensus,
Sil. 16, 213; cf. id. 6, 105.—
B.
Esp., a naut. t. t., to turn, direct, steer a ship to a place:
classem in portum,
Liv. 37, 9 Drak.:
terrae proras,
Verg. A. 7, 35; id. G. 4, 117 al.:
Colchos puppim,
Ov. H. 12, 23.— Absol.:
profugi advertere coloni,
landed, Sil. 1, 288;
hence also transf. to other things: aequore cursum,
Verg. A. 7, 196:
pedem ripae,
id. ib. 6, 386:
urbi agmen,
id. ib. 12, 555: adverti with acc. poet. for verti ad:
Scythicas advertitur oras,
Ov. M. 5, 649 (cf. adducor litora remis, id. ib. 3, 598, and Rudd. II. p. 327).
II.
Fig.
A.
Animum (in the poets and Livy also animos, rarely mentem) advertere; absol., or with adv. or ad aliquid, or alicui rei, to direct the mind, thoughts, or attention to a thing, to advert to, give attention to, attend to, to heed, observe, remark:
si voles advortere animum, Enn. ap. Var. L. L. 7, § 89 Müll. (Trag. v. 386 Vahl.): facete advortis animum tuum ad animum meum,
Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 39:
nunc huc animum advortite ambo,
id. ib. 3, 1, 169:
advertunt animos ad religionem,
Lucr. 3, 54:
monitis animos advertite nostris,
Ov. M. 15, 140:
animum etiam levissimis rebus adverterent,
Tac. A. 13, 49.—With ne, when the object of attention is expressed:
ut animum advertant, ne quos offendant,
Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68:
adverterent animos, ne quid novi tumultūs oriretur,
Liv. 4, 45.—
B.
Animum advertere, to observe a thing by directing the mind to it, to observe, to notice, to remark, to perceive (in the class. period contracted to animadvertere, q. v.).—Constr. with two accusatives, animum advertere aliquid (where aliquid may be regarded as depending on the prep. in comp., Roby, § 1118, or on animum advertere, considered as one idea, to observe), with acc. and inf., or rel. clause (the first mode of construction, most frequent with the pronouns id, hoc, illud, etc., is for the most part ante-class., and appears in Caes., Cic., and Sall. as an archaism):
et hoc animum advorte,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 43:
hanc edictionem,
id. ib. 1, 2, 10:
haec animum te advertere par est,
Lucr. 2, 125:
animum adverti columellam e dumis eminentem,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 65; id. Inv. 2, 51, 153:
Postquam id animum advertit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 24; 4, 12:
quidam Ligus animum advortit inter saxa repentīs cocleas,
Sall. J. 93, 2. In Vitruv. once with hinc:
ut etiam possumus hinc animum advertere,
as we can hence perceive, Vitr. 10, 22, 262.—With the acc. and inf.:
postquam tantopere id vos velle animum advorteram,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 16:
animum advertit magnas esse copiashostium instructas,
Caes. B. G. 5, 18: cum animum adverteret locum relictum esse, Auct. B. Alex. 31; ib. 46.—With the rel. clause: nunc quam rem vitio dent, quaeso, animum advortite, Ter. And. prol. 8: quid ille sperare possit, animum adverte, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9:
quam multarum rerum ipse ignarus esset... animum advertit,
Liv. 24, 48. Sometimes advertere alone = animum advertere; so once in Cicero's letters: nam advertebatur Pompeii familiares assentiri Volcatio, Fam. 1, 1 (although here, as well as almost everywhere, the readings fluctuate between advertere and animadvertere; cf. Orell. ad h. l.; animadvertebatur, B. and K.). So Verg. in the imp.:
qua ratione quod instat, Confieri possit, paucis, adverte, docebo,
attend! Verg. A. 4, 115.—In the histt., esp. Tac. and Pliny, more frequently:
donec advertit Tiberius,
Tac. A. 4, 54:
Zenobiam advertere pastores,
id. ib. 12, 51:
advertere quosdam cultu externo in sedibus senatorum,
id. ib. 13, 54:
quotiens novum aliquid adverterat,
id. ib. 15, 30 al.:
hirudo quam sanguisugam appellari adverto,
Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 29:
ut multos adverto credidisse,
id. 2, 67, 67, § 168. Still more rarely, advertere animo:
animis advertite vestris,
Verg. A. 2, 712:
hanc scientiam ad nostros pervenisse animo adverto,
Plin. 25, 2, 3, § 5; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 4, 27, 8.—
C.
To draw or turn something, esp. the attention of another, to or upon one's self (in the histt.):
gemitus ac planctus militum aures oraque advertere,
Tac. A. 1, 41:
octo aquilae imperatorem advertere,
id. ib. 2, 17: recentia veteraque odia advertit, drew them on himself, id. ib. 4, 21 al.—
D.
To call the attention of one to a definite act, i. e. to admonish of it, to urge to it (cf. II. A.):
non docet admonitio, sed advertit,
i. e. directs attention, Sen. Ep. 94:
advertit ea res Vespasiani animum, ut, etc.,
Tac. H. 3, 48.—
E.
Advertere in aliquem, for the more usual animadvertere in aliquem, to attend to one, i. e. to punish one (only in Tac.):
in P. Marcium consules more prisco advertere,
Tac. A. 2, 32:
ut in reliquos Sejani liberos adverteretur,
id. ib. 5, 9 (cf. id. Germ. 7, 3: animadvertere).—Hence,
1.
adversus (archaic advor-), a, um, P. a., turned to or toward a thing, with the face or front toward, standing over against, opposite, before, in front of (opp. aversus).
A.
In gen.:
solem adversum intueri,
Cic. Somn. Scip. 5:
Iris... Mille trahens varios adverso sole colores,
Verg. A. 4, 701; id. G. 1, 218:
antipodes adversis vestigiis stant contra nostra vestigia,
Cic. Ac. 2, 39: dentes adversi acuti ( the sharp front teeth) morsu dividunt escas, Cic. N. D. 2, 54:
quod is collis, tantum adversus in latitudinem patebat, quantum etc.,
Caes. B. G. 2, 8 Herz. So, hostes adversi, who make front against one advancing or retreating, id. ib. 2, 24:
L. Cotta legatus in adversum os fundā vulneratur,
in front, Caes. B. G. 5, 35; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 1; Liv. 21, 7 fin. al.; hence, vulnus adversum, a wound in front (on the contr., vulnus aversum, a wound in the back), Cic. Har. Resp. 19:
adversis vulneribus,
Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 35, 4:
judicibus cicatrices adversas ostendere,
Cic. de Or. 2, 28:
cicatrices populus Romanus aspiceret adverso corpore exceptas,
id. Verr. 5, 3:
impetus hostium adversos, Auct. B. Alex. 8: Romani advorso colle evadunt,
ascend the hill in front, Sall. J. 52:
adversa signa,
Liv. 30, 8:
legiones quas Visellius et C. Silius adversis itineribus objecerant,
i. e. marches in which they went to meet the enemy, Tac. A. 3, 42: sed adverso fulgure ( by a flash of lightning falling directly before him) pavefactus est Nero, Suet. Ner. 48:
armenta egit Hannibal in adversos montes,
Quint. 2, 17, 19; cf. Lucr. 3, 1013; so Hor. S. 1, 1, 103; 2, 3, 205:
qui timet his adversa,
the opposite of this, id. Ep. 1, 6, 9 al. —Hence, of rivers: flumine adverso, up the stream, against the stream:
in adversum flumen contendere,
Lucr. 4, 423:
adverso feruntur flumine,
id. 6, 720; so Verg. G. 1, 201:
adverso amne,
Plin. 18, 6, 7, § 33;
adverso Tiberi subvehi,
Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 22, 3 (opp. to secundā aquā, down stream, with the stream:
rate in secundam aquam labente,
Liv. 21, 47, 3); and of winds, opposed to a vessel's course, head winds, contrary winds, consequently unfavorable, adverse:
navigationes adversis ventis praecluduntur, Auct. B. Alex. 8: adversissimi navigantibus venti,
Caes. B. C. 3, 107.— Subst.: adversum, i, the opposite: hic ventus a septentrionibus oriens adversum tenet Athenis proficiscentibus, [p. 50] holds the opposite to those sailing from Athens, i. e. blows against them, Nep. Milt. 1 (so Nipperdey; but v. Hand, Turs. I. p. 183). — Adv.: ex adverso, also written exadverso and exadversum, opposite to, over against, ek tou enantiou:
portus ex adverso urbi positus,
Liv. 45, 10.—With gen.:
Patrae ex adverso Aetoliae et fluminis Eveni,
Plin. 4, 4, 5, § 11.—Without case:
cum ex adverso starent classes,
Just. 2, 14; so Suet. Caes. 39; Tib. 33.—In adversum, to the opposite side, against:
et duo in adversum immissi per moenia currus,
against each other, Prop. 3, 9, 23; so Gell. 2, 30; cf. Verg. A. 8, 237;
in adversum Romani subiere,
Liv. 1, 12; 7, 23.—
B.
In hostile opposition to, adverse to, unfavorable, unpropitious (opp. secundus; frequent and class.): conqueri fortunam adversam, Pac. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 50:
hic dies pervorsus atque advorsus mihi obtigit,
Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 1:
advorsus nemini,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 37:
mentes improborum mihi infensae et adversae,
Cic. Sull. 10:
acclamatio,
id. de Or. 2, 83: adversā avi aliquid facere, vet. poët. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 16:
adversis auspiciis,
Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 64, 6:
adversum omen,
Suet. Vit. 8:
adversissima auspicia,
id. Oth. 8: adversae res, misfortune, calamity, adverse fortune:
ut adversas res, sic secundas immoderate ferre levitatis est,
Cic. Off. 1, 26; cf.:
adversi casus,
Nep. Dat. 5:
adversae rerum undae,
a sea of troubles, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 22: omnia secundissima nobis, adversissima illis accidisse, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9 (the sup. is found also in Cæs. B. C. 3, 107):
quae magistratus ille dicet, secundis auribus, quae ab nostrum quo dicentur, adversis accipietis?
Liv. 6, 40:
adversus annus frugibus,
id. 4, 12:
valetudo adversa,
i. e. sickness, id. 10, 32:
adversum proelium,
an unsuccessful engagement, id. 7, 29; cf.
8, 31: adverso rumore esse,
to be in bad repute, to have a bad reputation, Tac. Ann. 14, 11:
adversa subsellia,
on which the opposition sit, Quint. 6, 1, 39.—Sometimes met. of feeling, contrary to, hated, hateful, odious:
quīs omnia regna advorsa sint,
Sall. J. 83; cf. Luc. 2, 229 Bentl.— Comp.:
neque est aliud adversius,
Plin. 32, 4, 14, § 35.—

* Adv.: adver-sē, self-contradictorily, Gell. 3, 16.— ad-versum, i, subst., esp. in the plur. adversa, misfortune, calamity, disaster, adversity, evil, mischief:
advorsa ejus per te tecta sient,
Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 28:
nihil adversi,
Cic. Brut. 1, 4:
si quid adversi accidisset,
Nep. Alc. 8; cf. Liv. 22, 40; 35, 13:
secunda felices, adversa magnos probant,
Plin. Pan. 31;
esp. freq. in Tac.: prospera et adversa pop. Rom., Ann. 1, 1: adversa tempestatum et fluctuum,
id. Agr. 25; so id. A. 3, 24; 45; 2, 69; 4, 13 al.— Subst.: adversus, i, m., an opponent, adversary (rare):
multosque mortalīs ea causa advorsos habeo,
Sall. C. 52, 7.—In Quint. also once ad-versa, ae, f., subst., a female opponent or adversary: natura noverca fuerit, si facultatem dicendi sociam scelerum, adversam innocentiae, invenit, 12, 1, 2.—
C.
In rhet., opposed to another of the same genus, e. g. sapientia and stultitia: “Haec quae ex eodem genere contraria sunt, appellantur adversa,” Cic. Top. 11.
3.
adversus or adversum (archaic advor-) (like rursus and rursum, prorsus and prorsum, quorsus and quorsum), adv. and prep., denoting direction to or toward an object (syn.: contra, in with acc., ad, erga).
A.
Adv.: opposite to, against, to, or toward a thing, in a friendly or hostile sense:
ibo advorsum,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 29:
facito, ut venias advorsum mihi,
id. Men. 2, 3, 82:
obsecro te, matri ne quid tuae advorsus fuas, Liv. And. ap. Non. s. v. fuam, 111, 12 (Trag. Rel. p. 3 Rib.): quis hic est, qui advorsus it mihi?
Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 22:
adversus resistere,
Nep. Pelop. 1, 3:
nemo adversus ibat,
Liv. 37, 13, 8 al. In Plaut. and Ter. advorsum ire, or venire, to go to meet; also of a slave, to go to meet his master and bring him from a place (hence adversitor, q. v.):
solus nunc eo advorsum hero ex plurimis servis,
Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 23:
ei advorsum venimus,
id. ib. 4, 2, 32; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 2 Ruhnk.—
B.
Prep. with acc., toward or against, in a friendly or a hostile sense.
1.
In a friendly sense.
(α).
Of place, turned to or toward, opposite to, before, facing, over against: qui cotidie unguentatus adversum speculum ornetur, before the mirror, Scipio ap. Gell. 7, 12:
adversus advocatos,
Liv. 45, 7, 5:
medicus debet residere illustri loco adversus aegrum,
opposite to the patient, Cels. 3, 6:
adversus Scyllam vergens in Italiam,
Plin. 3, 8, 14, § 87:
Lerina, adversum Antipolim,
id. 3, 5, 11, § 79.—
(β).
In the presence of any one, before:
egone ut te advorsum mentiar, mater mea?
Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9: idque gratum fuisse advorsum te habeo gratiam, I am thankful that this is acceptable before ( to) thee, Ter. And. 1, 1, 15: paululum adversus praesentem fortitudinem mollitus, somewhat softened at such firmness (of his wife), Tac. A. 15, 63.—Hence very often with verbs of speaking, answering, complaining, etc., to declare or express one's self to any one, to excuse one's self or apologize, and the like: te oportet hoc proloqui advorsum illam mihi, Enn. ap. Non. 232, 24 (Trag. v. 385 Vahl.):
immo si audias, quae dicta dixit me advorsum tibi,
what he told me of you, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 47: de vita ac morte domini fabulavere advorsum fratrem illius, Afran. ap. Non. 232, 25:
mulier, credo, advorsum illum res suas conqueritur,
Titin. ib. 232, 21:
utendum est excusatione etiam adversus eos, quos invitus offendas,
Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68; Tac. A. 3, 71.— With that to which a reply is made, to (= ad):
adversus ea consul... respondit,
Liv. 4, 10, 12; 22, 40, 1; cf. Drak. ad 3, 57, 1.—
(γ).
In comparison, as if one thing were held toward, set against, or before another (v. ad, I. D. 4.); against, in comparison with, compared to:
repente lectus adversus veterem imperatorem comparabitur,
will be compared with, Liv. 24, 8, 8:
quid autem esse duo prospera bella Samnitium adversus tot decora populi Rom.,
id. 7, 32, 8.—
(δ).
Of demeanor toward one, to, toward:
quonam modo me gererem adversus Caesarem,
Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 11:
te adversus me omnia audere gratum est,
i. e. on my account, on my behalf, for my advantage, id. ib. 9, 22, 15:
lentae adversum imperia aures,
Tac. A. 1, 65.—Esp. often of friendly feeling, love, esteem, respect toward or for one (cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 4, 1, 15; Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 9, 22; Heusing. ad Cic. Off. 1, 11, 1;
Hab. Syn. 49): est enim pietas justitia adversus deos,
Cic. N. D. 1, 41, 116; id. Off. 3, 6, 28:
adhibenda est igitur quaedam reverentia adversus homines,
id. ib. 1, 28, 99 Beier:
sunt quaedam officia adversus eos servanda, a quibus injuriam acceperis,
id. ib. 1, 11, 33:
adversus merita ingratissimus,
Vell. 2, 69, 5:
summa adversus alios aequitas erat,
Liv. 3, 33, 8:
ob egregiam fidem adversus Romanos,
id. 29, 8, 2; so id. 45, 8, 4 al.:
beneficentiā adversus supplices utendum,
Tac. A. 11, 17.— More rarely
(ε).
of the general relation of an object or act to a person or thing (v. ad, I. D. 1.), in relation, in respect, or in regard to a thing:
epistula, ut adversus magistrum morum, modestior,
as addressed to a censor of manners, Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 8:
quasi adversus eos acquieverit sententiae,
in regard to the same, Dig. 49, 1; 3, 1.—
2.
In a hostile sense, against (the most usual class. signif. of this word): “Contra et adversus ita differunt, quod contra, ad locum, ut: contra basilicam; adversus, ad animi motum, ut: adversus illum facio; interdum autem promiscue accipitur,” Charis. p. 207 P.; cf. Cort. ad Sall. J. 101, 8:
advorsum legem accepisti a plurimis pecuniam,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 48:
advorsum te fabulare illud,
against thy interest, to thy disadvantage, id. Stich. 4, 2, 11:
stultus est advorsus aetatem et capitis canitudinem, id. ap. Fest. s. v. canitudinem, p. 47: advorsum animi tui libidinem,
Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 19:
adversum leges, adversum rem publicam,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 195:
respondebat, SI PARET, ADVERSUM EDICTUM FECISSE,
id. ib. 2, 3, 28, §
69: me adversus populum Romanum possem defendere,
id. Phil. 1, 13 al. —In the histt., of a hostile attack, approach, etc.:
gladiis districtis impetum adversus montem in cohortes faciunt,
Caes. B. C. 1, 46:
adversus se non esse missos exercitus,
Liv. 3, 66:
bellum adversum Xerxem moret,
Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 3:
copiis quibus usi adversus Romanum bellum,
Liv. 8, 2, 5:
adversus vim atque injuriam pugnantes,
id. 26, 25, 10 al.:
T. Quintius adversus Gallos missus est,
Eutr. 2, 2: Athenienses adversus tantam tempestatem belli duos duces deligunt, Just. 3, 6, 12 al.—Among physicians, of preventives against sickness, against (v. ad, I. A. 2.):
adversus profusionem in his auxilium est,
Cels. 5, 26; 6, 27 al.:
frigidus jam artus et cluso corpore adversum vim veneni,
Tac. A. 15, 64.— Trop.:
egregium adversus tempestates receptaculum,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 4; so id. ib. 2, 15, 36.—Hence: firmus, invictus, fortis adversus aliquid (like contra), protected against a thing, firm, fixed, secure:
advorsum divitias animum invictum gerebat,
Sall. J. 43, 5:
invictus adversum gratiam animus,
Tac. A. 15, 21:
adversus convicia malosque rumores firmus ac patiens,
Suet. Tib. 28:
Adversus omnes fortis feras canis,
Phaedr. 5, 10, 1; and in opp. sense: infirmus, inferior adversus aliquid, powerless against, unequal to:
fama, infirmissimum adversus vivos fortes telum,
Curt. 4, 14:
infirmus adversum pecuniam,
Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 6:
inferior adversus laborem,
id. Epit. 40, 20.
► a.
Adversus is rarely put after the word which it governs:
egone ut te advorsum mentiar,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9:
hunc adversus,
Nep. Con. 2, 2; id. Tim. 4, 3:
quos advorsum ierat,
Sall. J. 101, 8.—
b.
It sometimes suffers tmesis:
Labienum ad Oceanum versus proficisci jubet,
Caes. B. G. 6, 33:
animadvortit fugam ad se vorsum fieri,
Sall. J. 58:
animum advortere ad se vorsum exercitum pergere,
id. ib. 69: ad Cordubam versus iter facere coepit, Auct. B. Hisp. 10 and 11; cf. in-versus:
in Galliam vorsus castra movere,
Sall. C. 56; Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 12; Traj. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 78; the Eng. to-ward: to us ward, Psa. 40, 5; and the Gr. eis-de: eis halade, Hom. Od. 10, 351.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adversa
4 adverto

ad-verto (archaic advor-), ti, sum, 3, v. a., to turn a thing to or toward a place (in this signif., without animus; mostly poet.; syn.: observare, animadvertere, videre, cognoscere).
I.
Lit.
A.
In gen., with in or dat.:
illa sese huc advorterat in hanc nostram plateam,
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 51:
in quamcunque domus lumina partem,
Ov. M. 6, 180; cf. id. ib. 8, 482:
malis numen,
Verg. A. 4, 611:
huc aures, huc, quaeso, advertite sensus,
Sil. 16, 213; cf. id. 6, 105.—
B.
Esp., a naut. t. t., to turn, direct, steer a ship to a place:
classem in portum,
Liv. 37, 9 Drak.:
terrae proras,
Verg. A. 7, 35; id. G. 4, 117 al.:
Colchos puppim,
Ov. H. 12, 23.— Absol.:
profugi advertere coloni,
landed, Sil. 1, 288;
hence also transf. to other things: aequore cursum,
Verg. A. 7, 196:
pedem ripae,
id. ib. 6, 386:
urbi agmen,
id. ib. 12, 555: adverti with acc. poet. for verti ad:
Scythicas advertitur oras,
Ov. M. 5, 649 (cf. adducor litora remis, id. ib. 3, 598, and Rudd. II. p. 327).
II.
Fig.
A.
Animum (in the poets and Livy also animos, rarely mentem) advertere; absol., or with adv. or ad aliquid, or alicui rei, to direct the mind, thoughts, or attention to a thing, to advert to, give attention to, attend to, to heed, observe, remark:
si voles advortere animum, Enn. ap. Var. L. L. 7, § 89 Müll. (Trag. v. 386 Vahl.): facete advortis animum tuum ad animum meum,
Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 39:
nunc huc animum advortite ambo,
id. ib. 3, 1, 169:
advertunt animos ad religionem,
Lucr. 3, 54:
monitis animos advertite nostris,
Ov. M. 15, 140:
animum etiam levissimis rebus adverterent,
Tac. A. 13, 49.—With ne, when the object of attention is expressed:
ut animum advertant, ne quos offendant,
Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68:
adverterent animos, ne quid novi tumultūs oriretur,
Liv. 4, 45.—
B.
Animum advertere, to observe a thing by directing the mind to it, to observe, to notice, to remark, to perceive (in the class. period contracted to animadvertere, q. v.).—Constr. with two accusatives, animum advertere aliquid (where aliquid may be regarded as depending on the prep. in comp., Roby, § 1118, or on animum advertere, considered as one idea, to observe), with acc. and inf., or rel. clause (the first mode of construction, most frequent with the pronouns id, hoc, illud, etc., is for the most part ante-class., and appears in Caes., Cic., and Sall. as an archaism):
et hoc animum advorte,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 43:
hanc edictionem,
id. ib. 1, 2, 10:
haec animum te advertere par est,
Lucr. 2, 125:
animum adverti columellam e dumis eminentem,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 65; id. Inv. 2, 51, 153:
Postquam id animum advertit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 24; 4, 12:
quidam Ligus animum advortit inter saxa repentīs cocleas,
Sall. J. 93, 2. In Vitruv. once with hinc:
ut etiam possumus hinc animum advertere,
as we can hence perceive, Vitr. 10, 22, 262.—With the acc. and inf.:
postquam tantopere id vos velle animum advorteram,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 16:
animum advertit magnas esse copiashostium instructas,
Caes. B. G. 5, 18: cum animum adverteret locum relictum esse, Auct. B. Alex. 31; ib. 46.—With the rel. clause: nunc quam rem vitio dent, quaeso, animum advortite, Ter. And. prol. 8: quid ille sperare possit, animum adverte, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9:
quam multarum rerum ipse ignarus esset... animum advertit,
Liv. 24, 48. Sometimes advertere alone = animum advertere; so once in Cicero's letters: nam advertebatur Pompeii familiares assentiri Volcatio, Fam. 1, 1 (although here, as well as almost everywhere, the readings fluctuate between advertere and animadvertere; cf. Orell. ad h. l.; animadvertebatur, B. and K.). So Verg. in the imp.:
qua ratione quod instat, Confieri possit, paucis, adverte, docebo,
attend! Verg. A. 4, 115.—In the histt., esp. Tac. and Pliny, more frequently:
donec advertit Tiberius,
Tac. A. 4, 54:
Zenobiam advertere pastores,
id. ib. 12, 51:
advertere quosdam cultu externo in sedibus senatorum,
id. ib. 13, 54:
quotiens novum aliquid adverterat,
id. ib. 15, 30 al.:
hirudo quam sanguisugam appellari adverto,
Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 29:
ut multos adverto credidisse,
id. 2, 67, 67, § 168. Still more rarely, advertere animo:
animis advertite vestris,
Verg. A. 2, 712:
hanc scientiam ad nostros pervenisse animo adverto,
Plin. 25, 2, 3, § 5; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 4, 27, 8.—
C.
To draw or turn something, esp. the attention of another, to or upon one's self (in the histt.):
gemitus ac planctus militum aures oraque advertere,
Tac. A. 1, 41:
octo aquilae imperatorem advertere,
id. ib. 2, 17: recentia veteraque odia advertit, drew them on himself, id. ib. 4, 21 al.—
D.
To call the attention of one to a definite act, i. e. to admonish of it, to urge to it (cf. II. A.):
non docet admonitio, sed advertit,
i. e. directs attention, Sen. Ep. 94:
advertit ea res Vespasiani animum, ut, etc.,
Tac. H. 3, 48.—
E.
Advertere in aliquem, for the more usual animadvertere in aliquem, to attend to one, i. e. to punish one (only in Tac.):
in P. Marcium consules more prisco advertere,
Tac. A. 2, 32:
ut in reliquos Sejani liberos adverteretur,
id. ib. 5, 9 (cf. id. Germ. 7, 3: animadvertere).—Hence,
1.
adversus (archaic advor-), a, um, P. a., turned to or toward a thing, with the face or front toward, standing over against, opposite, before, in front of (opp. aversus).
A.
In gen.:
solem adversum intueri,
Cic. Somn. Scip. 5:
Iris... Mille trahens varios adverso sole colores,
Verg. A. 4, 701; id. G. 1, 218:
antipodes adversis vestigiis stant contra nostra vestigia,
Cic. Ac. 2, 39: dentes adversi acuti ( the sharp front teeth) morsu dividunt escas, Cic. N. D. 2, 54:
quod is collis, tantum adversus in latitudinem patebat, quantum etc.,
Caes. B. G. 2, 8 Herz. So, hostes adversi, who make front against one advancing or retreating, id. ib. 2, 24:
L. Cotta legatus in adversum os fundā vulneratur,
in front, Caes. B. G. 5, 35; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 1; Liv. 21, 7 fin. al.; hence, vulnus adversum, a wound in front (on the contr., vulnus aversum, a wound in the back), Cic. Har. Resp. 19:
adversis vulneribus,
Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 35, 4:
judicibus cicatrices adversas ostendere,
Cic. de Or. 2, 28:
cicatrices populus Romanus aspiceret adverso corpore exceptas,
id. Verr. 5, 3:
impetus hostium adversos, Auct. B. Alex. 8: Romani advorso colle evadunt,
ascend the hill in front, Sall. J. 52:
adversa signa,
Liv. 30, 8:
legiones quas Visellius et C. Silius adversis itineribus objecerant,
i. e. marches in which they went to meet the enemy, Tac. A. 3, 42: sed adverso fulgure ( by a flash of lightning falling directly before him) pavefactus est Nero, Suet. Ner. 48:
armenta egit Hannibal in adversos montes,
Quint. 2, 17, 19; cf. Lucr. 3, 1013; so Hor. S. 1, 1, 103; 2, 3, 205:
qui timet his adversa,
the opposite of this, id. Ep. 1, 6, 9 al. —Hence, of rivers: flumine adverso, up the stream, against the stream:
in adversum flumen contendere,
Lucr. 4, 423:
adverso feruntur flumine,
id. 6, 720; so Verg. G. 1, 201:
adverso amne,
Plin. 18, 6, 7, § 33;
adverso Tiberi subvehi,
Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 22, 3 (opp. to secundā aquā, down stream, with the stream:
rate in secundam aquam labente,
Liv. 21, 47, 3); and of winds, opposed to a vessel's course, head winds, contrary winds, consequently unfavorable, adverse:
navigationes adversis ventis praecluduntur, Auct. B. Alex. 8: adversissimi navigantibus venti,
Caes. B. C. 3, 107.— Subst.: adversum, i, the opposite: hic ventus a septentrionibus oriens adversum tenet Athenis proficiscentibus, [p. 50] holds the opposite to those sailing from Athens, i. e. blows against them, Nep. Milt. 1 (so Nipperdey; but v. Hand, Turs. I. p. 183). — Adv.: ex adverso, also written exadverso and exadversum, opposite to, over against, ek tou enantiou:
portus ex adverso urbi positus,
Liv. 45, 10.—With gen.:
Patrae ex adverso Aetoliae et fluminis Eveni,
Plin. 4, 4, 5, § 11.—Without case:
cum ex adverso starent classes,
Just. 2, 14; so Suet. Caes. 39; Tib. 33.—In adversum, to the opposite side, against:
et duo in adversum immissi per moenia currus,
against each other, Prop. 3, 9, 23; so Gell. 2, 30; cf. Verg. A. 8, 237;
in adversum Romani subiere,
Liv. 1, 12; 7, 23.—
B.
In hostile opposition to, adverse to, unfavorable, unpropitious (opp. secundus; frequent and class.): conqueri fortunam adversam, Pac. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 50:
hic dies pervorsus atque advorsus mihi obtigit,
Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 1:
advorsus nemini,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 37:
mentes improborum mihi infensae et adversae,
Cic. Sull. 10:
acclamatio,
id. de Or. 2, 83: adversā avi aliquid facere, vet. poët. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 16:
adversis auspiciis,
Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 64, 6:
adversum omen,
Suet. Vit. 8:
adversissima auspicia,
id. Oth. 8: adversae res, misfortune, calamity, adverse fortune:
ut adversas res, sic secundas immoderate ferre levitatis est,
Cic. Off. 1, 26; cf.:
adversi casus,
Nep. Dat. 5:
adversae rerum undae,
a sea of troubles, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 22: omnia secundissima nobis, adversissima illis accidisse, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9 (the sup. is found also in Cæs. B. C. 3, 107):
quae magistratus ille dicet, secundis auribus, quae ab nostrum quo dicentur, adversis accipietis?
Liv. 6, 40:
adversus annus frugibus,
id. 4, 12:
valetudo adversa,
i. e. sickness, id. 10, 32:
adversum proelium,
an unsuccessful engagement, id. 7, 29; cf.
8, 31: adverso rumore esse,
to be in bad repute, to have a bad reputation, Tac. Ann. 14, 11:
adversa subsellia,
on which the opposition sit, Quint. 6, 1, 39.—Sometimes met. of feeling, contrary to, hated, hateful, odious:
quīs omnia regna advorsa sint,
Sall. J. 83; cf. Luc. 2, 229 Bentl.— Comp.:
neque est aliud adversius,
Plin. 32, 4, 14, § 35.—

* Adv.: adver-sē, self-contradictorily, Gell. 3, 16.— ad-versum, i, subst., esp. in the plur. adversa, misfortune, calamity, disaster, adversity, evil, mischief:
advorsa ejus per te tecta sient,
Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 28:
nihil adversi,
Cic. Brut. 1, 4:
si quid adversi accidisset,
Nep. Alc. 8; cf. Liv. 22, 40; 35, 13:
secunda felices, adversa magnos probant,
Plin. Pan. 31;
esp. freq. in Tac.: prospera et adversa pop. Rom., Ann. 1, 1: adversa tempestatum et fluctuum,
id. Agr. 25; so id. A. 3, 24; 45; 2, 69; 4, 13 al.— Subst.: adversus, i, m., an opponent, adversary (rare):
multosque mortalīs ea causa advorsos habeo,
Sall. C. 52, 7.—In Quint. also once ad-versa, ae, f., subst., a female opponent or adversary: natura noverca fuerit, si facultatem dicendi sociam scelerum, adversam innocentiae, invenit, 12, 1, 2.—
C.
In rhet., opposed to another of the same genus, e. g. sapientia and stultitia: “Haec quae ex eodem genere contraria sunt, appellantur adversa,” Cic. Top. 11.
3.
adversus or adversum (archaic advor-) (like rursus and rursum, prorsus and prorsum, quorsus and quorsum), adv. and prep., denoting direction to or toward an object (syn.: contra, in with acc., ad, erga).
A.
Adv.: opposite to, against, to, or toward a thing, in a friendly or hostile sense:
ibo advorsum,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 29:
facito, ut venias advorsum mihi,
id. Men. 2, 3, 82:
obsecro te, matri ne quid tuae advorsus fuas, Liv. And. ap. Non. s. v. fuam, 111, 12 (Trag. Rel. p. 3 Rib.): quis hic est, qui advorsus it mihi?
Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 22:
adversus resistere,
Nep. Pelop. 1, 3:
nemo adversus ibat,
Liv. 37, 13, 8 al. In Plaut. and Ter. advorsum ire, or venire, to go to meet; also of a slave, to go to meet his master and bring him from a place (hence adversitor, q. v.):
solus nunc eo advorsum hero ex plurimis servis,
Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 23:
ei advorsum venimus,
id. ib. 4, 2, 32; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 2 Ruhnk.—
B.
Prep. with acc., toward or against, in a friendly or a hostile sense.
1.
In a friendly sense.
(α).
Of place, turned to or toward, opposite to, before, facing, over against: qui cotidie unguentatus adversum speculum ornetur, before the mirror, Scipio ap. Gell. 7, 12:
adversus advocatos,
Liv. 45, 7, 5:
medicus debet residere illustri loco adversus aegrum,
opposite to the patient, Cels. 3, 6:
adversus Scyllam vergens in Italiam,
Plin. 3, 8, 14, § 87:
Lerina, adversum Antipolim,
id. 3, 5, 11, § 79.—
(β).
In the presence of any one, before:
egone ut te advorsum mentiar, mater mea?
Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9: idque gratum fuisse advorsum te habeo gratiam, I am thankful that this is acceptable before ( to) thee, Ter. And. 1, 1, 15: paululum adversus praesentem fortitudinem mollitus, somewhat softened at such firmness (of his wife), Tac. A. 15, 63.—Hence very often with verbs of speaking, answering, complaining, etc., to declare or express one's self to any one, to excuse one's self or apologize, and the like: te oportet hoc proloqui advorsum illam mihi, Enn. ap. Non. 232, 24 (Trag. v. 385 Vahl.):
immo si audias, quae dicta dixit me advorsum tibi,
what he told me of you, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 47: de vita ac morte domini fabulavere advorsum fratrem illius, Afran. ap. Non. 232, 25:
mulier, credo, advorsum illum res suas conqueritur,
Titin. ib. 232, 21:
utendum est excusatione etiam adversus eos, quos invitus offendas,
Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68; Tac. A. 3, 71.— With that to which a reply is made, to (= ad):
adversus ea consul... respondit,
Liv. 4, 10, 12; 22, 40, 1; cf. Drak. ad 3, 57, 1.—
(γ).
In comparison, as if one thing were held toward, set against, or before another (v. ad, I. D. 4.); against, in comparison with, compared to:
repente lectus adversus veterem imperatorem comparabitur,
will be compared with, Liv. 24, 8, 8:
quid autem esse duo prospera bella Samnitium adversus tot decora populi Rom.,
id. 7, 32, 8.—
(δ).
Of demeanor toward one, to, toward:
quonam modo me gererem adversus Caesarem,
Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 11:
te adversus me omnia audere gratum est,
i. e. on my account, on my behalf, for my advantage, id. ib. 9, 22, 15:
lentae adversum imperia aures,
Tac. A. 1, 65.—Esp. often of friendly feeling, love, esteem, respect toward or for one (cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 4, 1, 15; Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 9, 22; Heusing. ad Cic. Off. 1, 11, 1;
Hab. Syn. 49): est enim pietas justitia adversus deos,
Cic. N. D. 1, 41, 116; id. Off. 3, 6, 28:
adhibenda est igitur quaedam reverentia adversus homines,
id. ib. 1, 28, 99 Beier:
sunt quaedam officia adversus eos servanda, a quibus injuriam acceperis,
id. ib. 1, 11, 33:
adversus merita ingratissimus,
Vell. 2, 69, 5:
summa adversus alios aequitas erat,
Liv. 3, 33, 8:
ob egregiam fidem adversus Romanos,
id. 29, 8, 2; so id. 45, 8, 4 al.:
beneficentiā adversus supplices utendum,
Tac. A. 11, 17.— More rarely
(ε).
of the general relation of an object or act to a person or thing (v. ad, I. D. 1.), in relation, in respect, or in regard to a thing:
epistula, ut adversus magistrum morum, modestior,
as addressed to a censor of manners, Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 8:
quasi adversus eos acquieverit sententiae,
in regard to the same, Dig. 49, 1; 3, 1.—
2.
In a hostile sense, against (the most usual class. signif. of this word): “Contra et adversus ita differunt, quod contra, ad locum, ut: contra basilicam; adversus, ad animi motum, ut: adversus illum facio; interdum autem promiscue accipitur,” Charis. p. 207 P.; cf. Cort. ad Sall. J. 101, 8:
advorsum legem accepisti a plurimis pecuniam,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 48:
advorsum te fabulare illud,
against thy interest, to thy disadvantage, id. Stich. 4, 2, 11:
stultus est advorsus aetatem et capitis canitudinem, id. ap. Fest. s. v. canitudinem, p. 47: advorsum animi tui libidinem,
Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 19:
adversum leges, adversum rem publicam,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 195:
respondebat, SI PARET, ADVERSUM EDICTUM FECISSE,
id. ib. 2, 3, 28, §
69: me adversus populum Romanum possem defendere,
id. Phil. 1, 13 al. —In the histt., of a hostile attack, approach, etc.:
gladiis districtis impetum adversus montem in cohortes faciunt,
Caes. B. C. 1, 46:
adversus se non esse missos exercitus,
Liv. 3, 66:
bellum adversum Xerxem moret,
Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 3:
copiis quibus usi adversus Romanum bellum,
Liv. 8, 2, 5:
adversus vim atque injuriam pugnantes,
id. 26, 25, 10 al.:
T. Quintius adversus Gallos missus est,
Eutr. 2, 2: Athenienses adversus tantam tempestatem belli duos duces deligunt, Just. 3, 6, 12 al.—Among physicians, of preventives against sickness, against (v. ad, I. A. 2.):
adversus profusionem in his auxilium est,
Cels. 5, 26; 6, 27 al.:
frigidus jam artus et cluso corpore adversum vim veneni,
Tac. A. 15, 64.— Trop.:
egregium adversus tempestates receptaculum,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 4; so id. ib. 2, 15, 36.—Hence: firmus, invictus, fortis adversus aliquid (like contra), protected against a thing, firm, fixed, secure:
advorsum divitias animum invictum gerebat,
Sall. J. 43, 5:
invictus adversum gratiam animus,
Tac. A. 15, 21:
adversus convicia malosque rumores firmus ac patiens,
Suet. Tib. 28:
Adversus omnes fortis feras canis,
Phaedr. 5, 10, 1; and in opp. sense: infirmus, inferior adversus aliquid, powerless against, unequal to:
fama, infirmissimum adversus vivos fortes telum,
Curt. 4, 14:
infirmus adversum pecuniam,
Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 6:
inferior adversus laborem,
id. Epit. 40, 20.
► a.
Adversus is rarely put after the word which it governs:
egone ut te advorsum mentiar,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9:
hunc adversus,
Nep. Con. 2, 2; id. Tim. 4, 3:
quos advorsum ierat,
Sall. J. 101, 8.—
b.
It sometimes suffers tmesis:
Labienum ad Oceanum versus proficisci jubet,
Caes. B. G. 6, 33:
animadvortit fugam ad se vorsum fieri,
Sall. J. 58:
animum advortere ad se vorsum exercitum pergere,
id. ib. 69: ad Cordubam versus iter facere coepit, Auct. B. Hisp. 10 and 11; cf. in-versus:
in Galliam vorsus castra movere,
Sall. C. 56; Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 12; Traj. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 78; the Eng. to-ward: to us ward, Psa. 40, 5; and the Gr. eis-de: eis halade, Hom. Od. 10, 351.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adverto
5 advorto

ad-verto (archaic advor-), ti, sum, 3, v. a., to turn a thing to or toward a place (in this signif., without animus; mostly poet.; syn.: observare, animadvertere, videre, cognoscere).
I.
Lit.
A.
In gen., with in or dat.:
illa sese huc advorterat in hanc nostram plateam,
Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 51:
in quamcunque domus lumina partem,
Ov. M. 6, 180; cf. id. ib. 8, 482:
malis numen,
Verg. A. 4, 611:
huc aures, huc, quaeso, advertite sensus,
Sil. 16, 213; cf. id. 6, 105.—
B.
Esp., a naut. t. t., to turn, direct, steer a ship to a place:
classem in portum,
Liv. 37, 9 Drak.:
terrae proras,
Verg. A. 7, 35; id. G. 4, 117 al.:
Colchos puppim,
Ov. H. 12, 23.— Absol.:
profugi advertere coloni,
landed, Sil. 1, 288;
hence also transf. to other things: aequore cursum,
Verg. A. 7, 196:
pedem ripae,
id. ib. 6, 386:
urbi agmen,
id. ib. 12, 555: adverti with acc. poet. for verti ad:
Scythicas advertitur oras,
Ov. M. 5, 649 (cf. adducor litora remis, id. ib. 3, 598, and Rudd. II. p. 327).
II.
Fig.
A.
Animum (in the poets and Livy also animos, rarely mentem) advertere; absol., or with adv. or ad aliquid, or alicui rei, to direct the mind, thoughts, or attention to a thing, to advert to, give attention to, attend to, to heed, observe, remark:
si voles advortere animum, Enn. ap. Var. L. L. 7, § 89 Müll. (Trag. v. 386 Vahl.): facete advortis animum tuum ad animum meum,
Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 39:
nunc huc animum advortite ambo,
id. ib. 3, 1, 169:
advertunt animos ad religionem,
Lucr. 3, 54:
monitis animos advertite nostris,
Ov. M. 15, 140:
animum etiam levissimis rebus adverterent,
Tac. A. 13, 49.—With ne, when the object of attention is expressed:
ut animum advertant, ne quos offendant,
Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68:
adverterent animos, ne quid novi tumultūs oriretur,
Liv. 4, 45.—
B.
Animum advertere, to observe a thing by directing the mind to it, to observe, to notice, to remark, to perceive (in the class. period contracted to animadvertere, q. v.).—Constr. with two accusatives, animum advertere aliquid (where aliquid may be regarded as depending on the prep. in comp., Roby, § 1118, or on animum advertere, considered as one idea, to observe), with acc. and inf., or rel. clause (the first mode of construction, most frequent with the pronouns id, hoc, illud, etc., is for the most part ante-class., and appears in Caes., Cic., and Sall. as an archaism):
et hoc animum advorte,
Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 43:
hanc edictionem,
id. ib. 1, 2, 10:
haec animum te advertere par est,
Lucr. 2, 125:
animum adverti columellam e dumis eminentem,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 23, 65; id. Inv. 2, 51, 153:
Postquam id animum advertit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 24; 4, 12:
quidam Ligus animum advortit inter saxa repentīs cocleas,
Sall. J. 93, 2. In Vitruv. once with hinc:
ut etiam possumus hinc animum advertere,
as we can hence perceive, Vitr. 10, 22, 262.—With the acc. and inf.:
postquam tantopere id vos velle animum advorteram,
Ter. Phorm. 5, 8, 16:
animum advertit magnas esse copiashostium instructas,
Caes. B. G. 5, 18: cum animum adverteret locum relictum esse, Auct. B. Alex. 31; ib. 46.—With the rel. clause: nunc quam rem vitio dent, quaeso, animum advortite, Ter. And. prol. 8: quid ille sperare possit, animum adverte, Dolab. ap. Cic. Fam. 9, 9:
quam multarum rerum ipse ignarus esset... animum advertit,
Liv. 24, 48. Sometimes advertere alone = animum advertere; so once in Cicero's letters: nam advertebatur Pompeii familiares assentiri Volcatio, Fam. 1, 1 (although here, as well as almost everywhere, the readings fluctuate between advertere and animadvertere; cf. Orell. ad h. l.; animadvertebatur, B. and K.). So Verg. in the imp.:
qua ratione quod instat, Confieri possit, paucis, adverte, docebo,
attend! Verg. A. 4, 115.—In the histt., esp. Tac. and Pliny, more frequently:
donec advertit Tiberius,
Tac. A. 4, 54:
Zenobiam advertere pastores,
id. ib. 12, 51:
advertere quosdam cultu externo in sedibus senatorum,
id. ib. 13, 54:
quotiens novum aliquid adverterat,
id. ib. 15, 30 al.:
hirudo quam sanguisugam appellari adverto,
Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 29:
ut multos adverto credidisse,
id. 2, 67, 67, § 168. Still more rarely, advertere animo:
animis advertite vestris,
Verg. A. 2, 712:
hanc scientiam ad nostros pervenisse animo adverto,
Plin. 25, 2, 3, § 5; cf. Drak. ad Liv. 4, 27, 8.—
C.
To draw or turn something, esp. the attention of another, to or upon one's self (in the histt.):
gemitus ac planctus militum aures oraque advertere,
Tac. A. 1, 41:
octo aquilae imperatorem advertere,
id. ib. 2, 17: recentia veteraque odia advertit, drew them on himself, id. ib. 4, 21 al.—
D.
To call the attention of one to a definite act, i. e. to admonish of it, to urge to it (cf. II. A.):
non docet admonitio, sed advertit,
i. e. directs attention, Sen. Ep. 94:
advertit ea res Vespasiani animum, ut, etc.,
Tac. H. 3, 48.—
E.
Advertere in aliquem, for the more usual animadvertere in aliquem, to attend to one, i. e. to punish one (only in Tac.):
in P. Marcium consules more prisco advertere,
Tac. A. 2, 32:
ut in reliquos Sejani liberos adverteretur,
id. ib. 5, 9 (cf. id. Germ. 7, 3: animadvertere).—Hence,
1.
adversus (archaic advor-), a, um, P. a., turned to or toward a thing, with the face or front toward, standing over against, opposite, before, in front of (opp. aversus).
A.
In gen.:
solem adversum intueri,
Cic. Somn. Scip. 5:
Iris... Mille trahens varios adverso sole colores,
Verg. A. 4, 701; id. G. 1, 218:
antipodes adversis vestigiis stant contra nostra vestigia,
Cic. Ac. 2, 39: dentes adversi acuti ( the sharp front teeth) morsu dividunt escas, Cic. N. D. 2, 54:
quod is collis, tantum adversus in latitudinem patebat, quantum etc.,
Caes. B. G. 2, 8 Herz. So, hostes adversi, who make front against one advancing or retreating, id. ib. 2, 24:
L. Cotta legatus in adversum os fundā vulneratur,
in front, Caes. B. G. 5, 35; cf. Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 1; Liv. 21, 7 fin. al.; hence, vulnus adversum, a wound in front (on the contr., vulnus aversum, a wound in the back), Cic. Har. Resp. 19:
adversis vulneribus,
Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 35, 4:
judicibus cicatrices adversas ostendere,
Cic. de Or. 2, 28:
cicatrices populus Romanus aspiceret adverso corpore exceptas,
id. Verr. 5, 3:
impetus hostium adversos, Auct. B. Alex. 8: Romani advorso colle evadunt,
ascend the hill in front, Sall. J. 52:
adversa signa,
Liv. 30, 8:
legiones quas Visellius et C. Silius adversis itineribus objecerant,
i. e. marches in which they went to meet the enemy, Tac. A. 3, 42: sed adverso fulgure ( by a flash of lightning falling directly before him) pavefactus est Nero, Suet. Ner. 48:
armenta egit Hannibal in adversos montes,
Quint. 2, 17, 19; cf. Lucr. 3, 1013; so Hor. S. 1, 1, 103; 2, 3, 205:
qui timet his adversa,
the opposite of this, id. Ep. 1, 6, 9 al. —Hence, of rivers: flumine adverso, up the stream, against the stream:
in adversum flumen contendere,
Lucr. 4, 423:
adverso feruntur flumine,
id. 6, 720; so Verg. G. 1, 201:
adverso amne,
Plin. 18, 6, 7, § 33;
adverso Tiberi subvehi,
Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 22, 3 (opp. to secundā aquā, down stream, with the stream:
rate in secundam aquam labente,
Liv. 21, 47, 3); and of winds, opposed to a vessel's course, head winds, contrary winds, consequently unfavorable, adverse:
navigationes adversis ventis praecluduntur, Auct. B. Alex. 8: adversissimi navigantibus venti,
Caes. B. C. 3, 107.— Subst.: adversum, i, the opposite: hic ventus a septentrionibus oriens adversum tenet Athenis proficiscentibus, [p. 50] holds the opposite to those sailing from Athens, i. e. blows against them, Nep. Milt. 1 (so Nipperdey; but v. Hand, Turs. I. p. 183). — Adv.: ex adverso, also written exadverso and exadversum, opposite to, over against, ek tou enantiou:
portus ex adverso urbi positus,
Liv. 45, 10.—With gen.:
Patrae ex adverso Aetoliae et fluminis Eveni,
Plin. 4, 4, 5, § 11.—Without case:
cum ex adverso starent classes,
Just. 2, 14; so Suet. Caes. 39; Tib. 33.—In adversum, to the opposite side, against:
et duo in adversum immissi per moenia currus,
against each other, Prop. 3, 9, 23; so Gell. 2, 30; cf. Verg. A. 8, 237;
in adversum Romani subiere,
Liv. 1, 12; 7, 23.—
B.
In hostile opposition to, adverse to, unfavorable, unpropitious (opp. secundus; frequent and class.): conqueri fortunam adversam, Pac. ap. Cic. Tusc. 2, 21, 50:
hic dies pervorsus atque advorsus mihi obtigit,
Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 1:
advorsus nemini,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 37:
mentes improborum mihi infensae et adversae,
Cic. Sull. 10:
acclamatio,
id. de Or. 2, 83: adversā avi aliquid facere, vet. poët. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 16:
adversis auspiciis,
Aur. Vict. Vir. Illustr. 64, 6:
adversum omen,
Suet. Vit. 8:
adversissima auspicia,
id. Oth. 8: adversae res, misfortune, calamity, adverse fortune:
ut adversas res, sic secundas immoderate ferre levitatis est,
Cic. Off. 1, 26; cf.:
adversi casus,
Nep. Dat. 5:
adversae rerum undae,
a sea of troubles, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 22: omnia secundissima nobis, adversissima illis accidisse, Caes. ap. Cic. Att. 10, 9 (the sup. is found also in Cæs. B. C. 3, 107):
quae magistratus ille dicet, secundis auribus, quae ab nostrum quo dicentur, adversis accipietis?
Liv. 6, 40:
adversus annus frugibus,
id. 4, 12:
valetudo adversa,
i. e. sickness, id. 10, 32:
adversum proelium,
an unsuccessful engagement, id. 7, 29; cf.
8, 31: adverso rumore esse,
to be in bad repute, to have a bad reputation, Tac. Ann. 14, 11:
adversa subsellia,
on which the opposition sit, Quint. 6, 1, 39.—Sometimes met. of feeling, contrary to, hated, hateful, odious:
quīs omnia regna advorsa sint,
Sall. J. 83; cf. Luc. 2, 229 Bentl.— Comp.:
neque est aliud adversius,
Plin. 32, 4, 14, § 35.—

* Adv.: adver-sē, self-contradictorily, Gell. 3, 16.— ad-versum, i, subst., esp. in the plur. adversa, misfortune, calamity, disaster, adversity, evil, mischief:
advorsa ejus per te tecta sient,
Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 28:
nihil adversi,
Cic. Brut. 1, 4:
si quid adversi accidisset,
Nep. Alc. 8; cf. Liv. 22, 40; 35, 13:
secunda felices, adversa magnos probant,
Plin. Pan. 31;
esp. freq. in Tac.: prospera et adversa pop. Rom., Ann. 1, 1: adversa tempestatum et fluctuum,
id. Agr. 25; so id. A. 3, 24; 45; 2, 69; 4, 13 al.— Subst.: adversus, i, m., an opponent, adversary (rare):
multosque mortalīs ea causa advorsos habeo,
Sall. C. 52, 7.—In Quint. also once ad-versa, ae, f., subst., a female opponent or adversary: natura noverca fuerit, si facultatem dicendi sociam scelerum, adversam innocentiae, invenit, 12, 1, 2.—
C.
In rhet., opposed to another of the same genus, e. g. sapientia and stultitia: “Haec quae ex eodem genere contraria sunt, appellantur adversa,” Cic. Top. 11.
3.
adversus or adversum (archaic advor-) (like rursus and rursum, prorsus and prorsum, quorsus and quorsum), adv. and prep., denoting direction to or toward an object (syn.: contra, in with acc., ad, erga).
A.
Adv.: opposite to, against, to, or toward a thing, in a friendly or hostile sense:
ibo advorsum,
Plaut. As. 2, 2, 29:
facito, ut venias advorsum mihi,
id. Men. 2, 3, 82:
obsecro te, matri ne quid tuae advorsus fuas, Liv. And. ap. Non. s. v. fuam, 111, 12 (Trag. Rel. p. 3 Rib.): quis hic est, qui advorsus it mihi?
Plaut. Men. 3, 2, 22:
adversus resistere,
Nep. Pelop. 1, 3:
nemo adversus ibat,
Liv. 37, 13, 8 al. In Plaut. and Ter. advorsum ire, or venire, to go to meet; also of a slave, to go to meet his master and bring him from a place (hence adversitor, q. v.):
solus nunc eo advorsum hero ex plurimis servis,
Plaut. Most. 4, 1, 23:
ei advorsum venimus,
id. ib. 4, 2, 32; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 2 Ruhnk.—
B.
Prep. with acc., toward or against, in a friendly or a hostile sense.
1.
In a friendly sense.
(α).
Of place, turned to or toward, opposite to, before, facing, over against: qui cotidie unguentatus adversum speculum ornetur, before the mirror, Scipio ap. Gell. 7, 12:
adversus advocatos,
Liv. 45, 7, 5:
medicus debet residere illustri loco adversus aegrum,
opposite to the patient, Cels. 3, 6:
adversus Scyllam vergens in Italiam,
Plin. 3, 8, 14, § 87:
Lerina, adversum Antipolim,
id. 3, 5, 11, § 79.—
(β).
In the presence of any one, before:
egone ut te advorsum mentiar, mater mea?
Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9: idque gratum fuisse advorsum te habeo gratiam, I am thankful that this is acceptable before ( to) thee, Ter. And. 1, 1, 15: paululum adversus praesentem fortitudinem mollitus, somewhat softened at such firmness (of his wife), Tac. A. 15, 63.—Hence very often with verbs of speaking, answering, complaining, etc., to declare or express one's self to any one, to excuse one's self or apologize, and the like: te oportet hoc proloqui advorsum illam mihi, Enn. ap. Non. 232, 24 (Trag. v. 385 Vahl.):
immo si audias, quae dicta dixit me advorsum tibi,
what he told me of you, Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 47: de vita ac morte domini fabulavere advorsum fratrem illius, Afran. ap. Non. 232, 25:
mulier, credo, advorsum illum res suas conqueritur,
Titin. ib. 232, 21:
utendum est excusatione etiam adversus eos, quos invitus offendas,
Cic. Off. 2, 19, 68; Tac. A. 3, 71.— With that to which a reply is made, to (= ad):
adversus ea consul... respondit,
Liv. 4, 10, 12; 22, 40, 1; cf. Drak. ad 3, 57, 1.—
(γ).
In comparison, as if one thing were held toward, set against, or before another (v. ad, I. D. 4.); against, in comparison with, compared to:
repente lectus adversus veterem imperatorem comparabitur,
will be compared with, Liv. 24, 8, 8:
quid autem esse duo prospera bella Samnitium adversus tot decora populi Rom.,
id. 7, 32, 8.—
(δ).
Of demeanor toward one, to, toward:
quonam modo me gererem adversus Caesarem,
Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 11:
te adversus me omnia audere gratum est,
i. e. on my account, on my behalf, for my advantage, id. ib. 9, 22, 15:
lentae adversum imperia aures,
Tac. A. 1, 65.—Esp. often of friendly feeling, love, esteem, respect toward or for one (cf. Ruhnk. ad Ter. And. 4, 1, 15; Manut. ad Cic. Fam. 9, 22; Heusing. ad Cic. Off. 1, 11, 1;
Hab. Syn. 49): est enim pietas justitia adversus deos,
Cic. N. D. 1, 41, 116; id. Off. 3, 6, 28:
adhibenda est igitur quaedam reverentia adversus homines,
id. ib. 1, 28, 99 Beier:
sunt quaedam officia adversus eos servanda, a quibus injuriam acceperis,
id. ib. 1, 11, 33:
adversus merita ingratissimus,
Vell. 2, 69, 5:
summa adversus alios aequitas erat,
Liv. 3, 33, 8:
ob egregiam fidem adversus Romanos,
id. 29, 8, 2; so id. 45, 8, 4 al.:
beneficentiā adversus supplices utendum,
Tac. A. 11, 17.— More rarely
(ε).
of the general relation of an object or act to a person or thing (v. ad, I. D. 1.), in relation, in respect, or in regard to a thing:
epistula, ut adversus magistrum morum, modestior,
as addressed to a censor of manners, Cic. Fam. 3, 13, 8:
quasi adversus eos acquieverit sententiae,
in regard to the same, Dig. 49, 1; 3, 1.—
2.
In a hostile sense, against (the most usual class. signif. of this word): “Contra et adversus ita differunt, quod contra, ad locum, ut: contra basilicam; adversus, ad animi motum, ut: adversus illum facio; interdum autem promiscue accipitur,” Charis. p. 207 P.; cf. Cort. ad Sall. J. 101, 8:
advorsum legem accepisti a plurimis pecuniam,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 2, 48:
advorsum te fabulare illud,
against thy interest, to thy disadvantage, id. Stich. 4, 2, 11:
stultus est advorsus aetatem et capitis canitudinem, id. ap. Fest. s. v. canitudinem, p. 47: advorsum animi tui libidinem,
Ter. Hec. 4, 1, 19:
adversum leges, adversum rem publicam,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 84, § 195:
respondebat, SI PARET, ADVERSUM EDICTUM FECISSE,
id. ib. 2, 3, 28, §
69: me adversus populum Romanum possem defendere,
id. Phil. 1, 13 al. —In the histt., of a hostile attack, approach, etc.:
gladiis districtis impetum adversus montem in cohortes faciunt,
Caes. B. C. 1, 46:
adversus se non esse missos exercitus,
Liv. 3, 66:
bellum adversum Xerxem moret,
Aur. Vict. Caes. 24, 3:
copiis quibus usi adversus Romanum bellum,
Liv. 8, 2, 5:
adversus vim atque injuriam pugnantes,
id. 26, 25, 10 al.:
T. Quintius adversus Gallos missus est,
Eutr. 2, 2: Athenienses adversus tantam tempestatem belli duos duces deligunt, Just. 3, 6, 12 al.—Among physicians, of preventives against sickness, against (v. ad, I. A. 2.):
adversus profusionem in his auxilium est,
Cels. 5, 26; 6, 27 al.:
frigidus jam artus et cluso corpore adversum vim veneni,
Tac. A. 15, 64.— Trop.:
egregium adversus tempestates receptaculum,
Plin. Ep. 2, 17, 4; so id. ib. 2, 15, 36.—Hence: firmus, invictus, fortis adversus aliquid (like contra), protected against a thing, firm, fixed, secure:
advorsum divitias animum invictum gerebat,
Sall. J. 43, 5:
invictus adversum gratiam animus,
Tac. A. 15, 21:
adversus convicia malosque rumores firmus ac patiens,
Suet. Tib. 28:
Adversus omnes fortis feras canis,
Phaedr. 5, 10, 1; and in opp. sense: infirmus, inferior adversus aliquid, powerless against, unequal to:
fama, infirmissimum adversus vivos fortes telum,
Curt. 4, 14:
infirmus adversum pecuniam,
Aur. Vict. Caes. 9, 6:
inferior adversus laborem,
id. Epit. 40, 20.
► a.
Adversus is rarely put after the word which it governs:
egone ut te advorsum mentiar,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 7, 9:
hunc adversus,
Nep. Con. 2, 2; id. Tim. 4, 3:
quos advorsum ierat,
Sall. J. 101, 8.—
b.
It sometimes suffers tmesis:
Labienum ad Oceanum versus proficisci jubet,
Caes. B. G. 6, 33:
animadvortit fugam ad se vorsum fieri,
Sall. J. 58:
animum advortere ad se vorsum exercitum pergere,
id. ib. 69: ad Cordubam versus iter facere coepit, Auct. B. Hisp. 10 and 11; cf. in-versus:
in Galliam vorsus castra movere,
Sall. C. 56; Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 12; Traj. ap. Plin. Ep. 10, 78; the Eng. to-ward: to us ward, Psa. 40, 5; and the Gr. eis-de: eis halade, Hom. Od. 10, 351.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > advorto
6 infamia

infāmĭa, ae, f. (infamis], ill fame, ill report of a person or thing; bad repute, dishonor, disgrace, infamy (class.; cf.:
ignominia, opprobrium): hominum immortalis est infamia,
Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 27:
in infamiam populo ponere,
id. Trin. 3, 3, 11:
atque indignitas rei,
Caes. B. G. 7, 56:
haec res est mihi infamiae,
Ter. And. 2, 6, 13:
illa indicia senatoria operta dedecore et infamia,
Cic. Clu. 22, 61:
ignominiam et infamiam ferre,
id. Tusc. 4, 20, 45:
in summa infamia esse,
Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 18:
flagrare infamiā,
Cic. Att. 4, 18, 2:
infamia notatur qui ab exercitu ignominiae causa dimissus erit,
Dig. 3, 2, 1:
ictus fustium infamiam non importat,
ib. 3, 2, 22:
aspergi,
Nep. Alc. 3:
urgeri,
Cic. Verr. 1, 12, 36:
ex infamia eripere,
id. ib. 2, 3, 60, §
140: de re aliqua infamiam capere,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 30:
colligere,
Just. 3, 4:
habere,
Caes. B. G. 6, 22:
irrogare alicui,
Dig. 3, 2, 13:
inferre,
Cic. Lael. 18, 42:
movere,
Liv. 44, 25, 12:
ferre alicui,
Tac. A. 14, 22:
sarcire,
to repair, Caes. B. C. 3, 74:
libellos ad infamiam alicujus edere,
Suet. Aug. 55:
trahere aliquid ad infamiam,
to bring into disrepute, to give a bad name to a thing, Tac. A. 12, 4:
Cacus Aventinae timor atque infamia silvae,
Ov. F. 1, 551:
saecli,
disgrace of the age, id. M. 8, 97:
pecuniae,
the disgrace of avarice, Vell. 2, 33, 2:
quid enim salvis infamia nummis?
Juv. 1, 48.— Plur.:
si ad paupertatem admigrant infamiae, Gravior paupertas fit,
Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 19; Tac. A. 4, 33.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > infamia
7 maculosus

măcŭlōsus, a, um, adj. [id.], full of spots, spotted, speckled, dappled, mottled, variegated.
I.
Lit.
A.
In gen. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):
maculosae tegmine lyncis,
Verg. A. 1, 323:
color,
Col. 6, 37, 6:
marmor,
Plin. 36, 6, 5, § 44:
luna,
id. 2, 9, 6, § 46:
corium,
variegated, striped, Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 30.—
B.
In partic., in a bad sense, spotted, blotted, stained, defiled:
vestis Pompeii non multa, eaque maculosa,
Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 73:
maculosae sanguine harenae,
Ov. A. A. 3, 395:
litora suffusas quod habet maculosa lituras,
id. Tr. 3, 1, 15. —
II.
Trop., defiled, polluted, filthy:
senatores,
in bad repute, Cic. Att. 1, 16, 3:
maculosas commodat aedes,
Juv. 7, 40:
vir omni dedecore,
Tac. H. 3, 38:
avaritia et libidine foedus ac maculosus,
id. H. 1, 7:
adulescentia,
Aur. Vict. Caes. 11:
nefas,
unnatural, abominable, Hor. C. 4, 5, 22.—

* Comp.:
maculosiora quam nutricis pallium,
Front. de Or. 3 Mai.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > maculosus
8 audiō

audiō īvī or iī, ītus, īre [2 AV-], to hear: quae vera audivi, taceo, T.: verbum ex te, T.: de te ex te, your account of yourself: ista de maioribus: ab ipso, H.: eum querentem, N.: hoc maiores natu dicere: a maioribus natu mirari solitum, etc.: Audiet civīs acuisse ferrum, H.: Bibulus nondum audiebatur esse in Syria: Cur ita crediderim audi, H.: audi Quid ferat, H.: id ex eo audivi, cum diceret, etc.: de Psaltriā hac audivit, T.: illos de quibus audivi: quin tu hoc audi, listen, T.: audin' (for audisne?), do you hear? T.—Supin. acc.: vocat (me) hic auditum scripta, H.—Supin. abl.: O rem auditu crudelem.—P. pass.: cui non sunt auditae Demosthenis vigiliae: non uni militi sed universis audiuntur, L.: Audita arboribus fides, H.: auditi advertitis cursum, already known by report, V. — Subst: nihil habeo praeter auditum, hearsay: refert audita, what he had heard, O.—To listen to, give attention to: etsi a vobis sic audior, ut, etc.: audi, Iuppiter, et tu, Iane, L.—To hear, be taught by, learn from: te annum iam audientem Cratippum: audiendum sibi de ambitu, i. e. must examine the charge: de pace audisse, entertained proposals, L.: dolos, investigate, V. — To listen to, lend an ear, regard, hear, grant: di meas preces audiverunt: neque preces audiri intellegit, Cs.: si sensisset auditas preces, L.: Audiit et genitor Intonuit, V.: puellas Ter vocata audis, H.—To hear with assent, accept, agree with, approve, yield to, grant, allow: fabulas: tum id audirem, si, etc., I would assent to it, if, etc.: audio, nunc dicis aliquid, granted: non audio, I do not admit it.—To obey, heed: sapientiam: me, L.: te tellus audit Hiberiae, H.: neque audit currus habenas, V.— In the phrase, dicto audiens esse, to obey: sunt illi quidem dicto audientes: dicto audientes in tantā re: dicto audiens esse huic ordini: Tullio iubere populum dicto audientem esse, L.: dicto audiens fuit iussis, N.—To be called, be named, reported, regarded: si curas esse quod audis, H.: Id audire, to bear that name, V.: bene audire velle, to be praised: bene a parentibus: male audies, you will be in bad repute, T.: insuetus male audiendi, N.: minus commode audire, i. e. to be injured in reputation.
* * *

audire, audivi, auditus V

hear, listen, accept, agree with; obey; harken, pay attention; be able to hear

Latin-English dictionary > audiō
9 gānea

gānea ae, f an eating-house, cook-shop, ordinary (of bad repute): ganearum nidor.—Dissipation: ganeis confectus: libido ganeae, S., L., Ta.
* * *

ganeae N F

common eating house (resort of undesirable characters); gluttonous eating

Latin-English dictionary > gānea
10 īnfāmia

īnfāmia ae, f [infamis], ill fame, ill report, bad repute, dishonor, disgrace, infamy: rei, Cs.: ne infamiae Ea res sibi esset, T.: indicia operta infamiā: mendax, calumny, H.: infamiam ferre: infamiā aspergi, N.: se eripere ex infamiā: latro cinia nullam habent infamiam, Cs.: movere, L.: sarcire, repair, Cs.: quid enim salvis infamia nummis? Iu.—A reproach, disgrace: Cacus silvae, reproach, O.: nostri saecli, O.
* * *

infamiae N F

disgrace, dishonor; infamy

Latin-English dictionary > īnfāmia
11 maculōsus

maculōsus adj. [macula], spotted, speckled, dappled, mottled, variegated: tegmine lyncis, V.: tigris, O.— Spotted, blotted, stained, defiled: vestis: Littera, O.—Fig., defiled, polluted, filthy: senatores, in bad repute: aedes, Iu.: nefas, abominable, H.: omni dedecore, Iu.
* * *

maculosa, maculosum ADJ

spotted; disreputable

Latin-English dictionary > maculōsus
12 rūmor

rūmor ōris, m [RV-], a rustle, murmur, vague sound: Solvere secundo rumore, the murmur of the oars, Poët. ap. C.: ad caelum ferre rumore secundo, i. e. applause, H.— The talk of the many, common talk, report, hearsay, rumor: cum incertis rumoribus serviant, Cs.: perferet multa rumor: rumores Africanos excipere: volgi rumoribus exagitatus, S.: a rostris manat per compita rumor, H.: omnīs rumorum ventos conligere: rumor venit, Datum iri gladiatores, T.: crebri ad eum rumores adferebantur... omnīs Belgas coniurare, Cs.: rem te valde bene gessisse rumor erat: rumores de oppresso Dolabellā: de vitā imperatoris rumores dubii adlati sunt, L.: exstinctis rumoribus de auxiliis legionum, Cs.— Common opinion, current report, popular voice, fame, reputation: adversus famam rumoresque hominum stare, L.: qui erit rumor id si feceris? T.: quos rumor asperserat, calumny, Cu.: rumorem quendam esse quaesitum, notoriety: plebis rumorem adfectare, Ta.: adverso rumore esse, in bad repute, L.
* * *

rumoris N M

hearsay, rumor, gossip; reputation; shouting

Latin-English dictionary > rūmor
13 senātor

senātor ōris, m [SEN-].—In Rome, a member of the Senate (originally one hundred advisers, selected by Romulus from the nobles. Later, a hundred Sabine nobles were added; and the number was increased by Sulla to four hundred, and by Julius Caesar to nine hundred, but Augustus reduced it to six hundred. The later additions were made largely from the Knights. Under the republic the censors revised the roll every five years, striking out names of bad repute. Only men of wealth were eligible, as no salary was paid. The senator wore a tunic with a broad purple band, and black leathern shoes with a ‘luna’ of silver or ivory): huic (senatori) iussa tria sunt; ut adsit, etc.: in senatoribus cooptandis: Artes quas doceat quivis senator Semet prognatos, H.: novom senatorem cooptabitis, L.—In other nations, a senator, councillor of state: se si dediderunt ex sexcentis ad trīs senatores (Nerviorum), Cs.: (Rhodiorum) omnes erant idem tum de plebe tum senatores: senatores quos (Macedonii) synedros vocant, L.
* * *

senatoris N M

senator

Latin-English dictionary > senātor
14 Tuscus

Tuscus adj., of the Tuscans, Tuscan, Etruscan, Etrurian, C., L., N., O.: amnis, i. e. the Tiber, H., O.: flumen, O.: alveus, H.: vicus, a street of bad repute in Rome, L., H.

Latin-English dictionary > Tuscus
15 ganea

gānĕa, ae, f., and gānĕum, i, n. [for gas-nea, kindr. to Sanscr ghas, to eat, qs. locus edendi], an eating-house, cook-shop, ordinary; also in bad repute as the abode of prostitutes.
(α).
Form ganea:
paulisper stetimus in illo ganearum tuarum nidore atque fumo,
Cic. Pis. 6, 13:
libido stupri, ganeae ceterique cultus non minor incesserat,
Sall. C. 13, 3:
in ganea lustrisque senectutem acturum,
Liv. 26, 2, 15; Plin. 8, 51, 77, § 209; Plin. Pan. 49, 6:
ventris et ganeae paratus,
Tac. A. 3, 52:
sumptu ganeaque satiare inexplebiles Vitellii libidines,
by prodigal feasts, id. H. 2, 95; Suet. Calig. 11; Gell. 9, 2, 6 al.—
(β).
Form ganeum (ante-class.):
immersit aliquo sese, credo, in ganeum,
Plaut. Men. 5, 1, 3; id. As. 5, 2, 37; Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 5; Varr. ap. Non. 208, 15; Prud. Psych. 343.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > ganea
16 Larga

Larga, ae, f., the name of a woman of bad repute, Juv. 14, 25.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > Larga
17 nomen

nōmen, ĭnis (archaic form of gen. sing. NOMINVS, S. C. de Bacch. Corp. Inscr. Lat. 196, 8), n. [for gnōmen, from root gno, whence gnosco, nosco, co-gnosco], a name, appellation (syn. vocabulum).
I.
Lit.:
nomen est, quod unicuique personae datur, quo suo quaeque proprio et certo vocabulo appellatur,
Cic. Inv. 1, 24, 134:
imponere nova rebus nomina,
id. Fin. 3, 1, 3:
qui haec rebus nomina posuerunt,
id. Tusc. 3, 5, 10:
appellare aliquem nomine,
id. de Or. 1, 56, 239:
huic urbi nomen Epidamno inditum est,
Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 37; cf. Liv. 7, 2, 6:
Theophrastus divinitate loquendi nomen invenit,
Cic. Or. 19, 62:
lituus ab ejus litui, quo canitur, similitudine nomen invenit,
id. Div. 1, 17, 30:
ut is locus ex calamitate populi Romani nomen caperet,
Caes. B. G. 1, 13 et saep.:
ludi, Pythia de domitae serpentis nomine dicti,
Ov. M. 1, 447:
clari nominis vir,
Vell. 2, 34, 4:
nominis minoris vir,
id. 2, 100, 5; cf. id. 2, 112, 2; 2, 103, 1: est mihi nomen, inditur mihi nomen, with nom.:
cui saltationi Titius nomen est,
Cic. Brut. 62, 225:
eique morbo nomen est avaritia,
id. Tusc. 4, 11, 24:
canibus pigris... Nomen erit pardus, tigris, leo,
Juv. 8, 36.—With dat.:
haec sunt aedes, hic habet: Lesbonico'st nomen,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 110:
juventus nomen fecit Peniculo mihi,
id. Men. 1, 1, 1:
nam mihi est Auxilio nomen,
id. Cist. 1, 3, 6:
huic ego die nomen Trinummo facio,
id. Trin. 4, 2, 1:
nomen Arcturo est mihi,
id. Rud. prol. 5:
cantus cui nomen neniae,
Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 62:
puero ab inopiā nomen Egerio est inditum,
Liv. 1, 34:
est illis strigibus nomen,
Ov. F. 6, 139.—With gen.:
cujus nomen est Viventis,
Vulg. Gen. 25, 11.—Rarely with ad:
ut det nomen ad molas coloniam,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 6, 38.—Nomen dare, edere, profiteri, ad nomina respondere, to give in one's name, be enrolled, enlist; to answer to one's name when summoned to military duty:
ne nomina darent,
Liv. 2, 24:
nomina profiteri,
id. 2, 24:
nominis edendi apud consules potestas,
id. 2, 24:
virgis caesi, qui ad nomina non respondissent,
id. 7, 4; also,
dare nomen in conjurationem,
to join the conspiracy, Tac. A. 15, 48:
ab re nomen habet (terra),
is named for, Liv. 38, 18, 4:
quae (sapientia) divinarum humanarumque rerum cognitione hoc nomen apud antiquos adsequebatur,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 3, 7:
dea (Viriplaca) nomen hoc a placandis viris fertur adsecuta,
Val. Max. 2, 1, 6.—Esp.:
nomen accipere = nominari: turris quae nomen ab insulā accepit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 112, 1; Quint. 3, 3, 13; Just. 1, 5, 1; Tac. A. 6, 37; 15, 74; Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 8.—
2.
In partic., the middle name of the three which every freeborn Roman had, as distinguished from the praenomen and cognomen. The nomen distinguished one gens from another, the cognomen one familia from another, and the praenomen one member of the familia from another, Quint. 7, 3, 27.—But sometimes nomen is used in the signif. of praenomen:
id nomen (sc. Gaja),
Cic. Mur. 12, 27.—So, too, in the signif. of cognomen:
Sex. Clodius, cui nomen est Phormio,
Cic. Caecin. 10, 27; cf.:
tamquam habeas tria nomina,
i. e. as if you were a Roman, Juv. 5, 127.—
3.
Esp. in phrase: sub nomine, under the assumed name:
qui litteras exitiales Demetrio sub nomine Flaminini adtulerant,
Liv. 40, 54, 9:
sub nomine meo,
Quint. 7, 2, 24:
carmina sub alieno nomine edere,
Suet. Aug. 55:
multa vana sub nomine celebri vulgabantur,
Tac. A. 6, 12; 13, 25; id. H. 1, 5; cf.:
rogatio repente sub unius tribuni nomine promulgatur,
Liv. 43, 16, 6; Suet. Aug. 29; Plin. Pan. 50, 5; cf. also II. B. infra.—
4.
A title of power or honor:
imperatoris,
Caes. B. C. 2, 32, 14.—
5.
In gram., a noun, Quint. 1, 4, 18; 1, 5, 42 et saep.—
B.
Transf.
1.
Nomen alicu jus deferre, to bring an accusation against, to accuse a person:
nomen alicujus de parricidio deferre,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 10, 28: nomen recipere, to receive the accusation:
palam de sellā ac tribunali pronuntiat: si quis absentem Sthenium rei capitalis reum facere vellet, sese ejus nomen recepturum: et simul, ut nomen deferret, etc.,
Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 38, § 94; cf. context.—
2.
A bond, note, a demand, claim, a debt: tituli debitorum nomina dicuntur praesertim in iis debitis, in quibus hominum nomina scripta sunt, quibus pecuniae commodatae sunt, Ascon. ap. Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 10, § 28:
repromittam istoc nomine solutam rem futuram,
Plaut. As. 2, 4, 48:
si neque in tuas tabulas ullum nomen referres, cum tot tibi nominibus acceptum Curtii referrent,
Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 39, § 102:
qui tibi, ut ais, certis nominibus grandem pecuniam debuit,
on good bonds, good security, id. Quint. 11, 38; cf.:
egone hos digitos meos impellere potui, ut falsum perscriberent nomen?
id. Rosc. Com. 1, 1:
volo persolvere, ut expungatur nomen, ne quid debeam,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 3, 40; so,
solvere,
Cic. Att. 6, 2, 7:
expedire, exsolvere,
id. ib. 16, 6, 3:
nomina sua exigere,
to collect one's debts, id. Verr. 2, 1, 10, § 28:
hoc nomen, quod urget, nunc, cum petitur, dissolvere,
id. Planc. 28, 68:
transcribere in alium,
Liv. 35, 7:
qui venit ad dubium grandi cum codice nomen,
comes with a huge ledger to sue for a doubtful debt, Juv. 7, 110.—
b.
Nomina facere, in the case of written obligations, to set down or book the items of debt in the account-book:
nomina se facturum, qua ego vellem die,
Cic. Fam. 7, 23, 1:
emit homo cupidus (Canius) tanti, quanti Pythius voluit et emit instructos: nomina facit (Pythius), negotium conficit,
id. Off. 3, 14, 59:
nomina facturi diligenter in patrimonium et vasa debitoris inquirimus,
Sen. Ben. 1, 1, 2.—
c.
Nomen locare, to offer as surety, Phaedr. 1, 16, 1 (dub.).—
d.
Transf., an item of debt; and hence, a debtor:
hoc sum assecutus, ut bonum nomen existimer,
i. e. a good payer, Cic. Fam. 5, 6, 2:
lenta nomina non mala,
Sen. Ben. 5, 22, 1; cf. id. ib. 7, 29, 2; Col. 1, 7, 2.—
3.
A family, race, stock, people, nation:
C. Octavium in familiam nomenque adoptavit,
Suet. Caes. 83:
Crispum C. Sallustius in nomen ascivit,
Tac. A. 3, 30; Luc. 7, 584.—
4.
With national names: nomen Romanum, whatever is called Roman, i. e. the Roman dominion, nation, power; esp. of the army:
gens infestissuma nomini Romano,
Sall. C. 52, 24: CEIVIS ROMANVS NEVE NOMINVS LATINI NEVE SOCIVM QVISQVAM, etc., S. C. de Bacch.; so,
concitatis sociis et nomine Latino,
Cic. Rep. 1, 19, 31; 3, 29, 41:
ubi deletum omnibus videretur nomen Romanum,
Liv. 23, 6, 3:
relicum Romani nominis,
id. 22, 55, 5; 27, 33, 11; 1, 10, 3; cf. id. 9, 7, 1:
Aeolio regnatas nomine terras,
Sil. 14, 70:
Volscūm nomen prope deletum est,
Liv. 3, 8, 10:
nomen Atheniensium tueri,
Just. 5, 6, 9.—
5.
Poet.
a.
A thing:
infaustum interluit Allia nomen,
Verg. A. 7, 717.—
b.
A person:
popularia nomina Drusos,
Luc. 6, 759; 1, 311:
nec fidum femina nomen,
Tib. 3, 4, 61:
in diversa trahunt unum duo nomina pectus,
i. e. the love of a mother and sister, Ov. M. 8, 464; id. H. 8, 30.—
II.
Trop.
A.
Name, fame, repute, reputation, renown (syn.:
existimatio, fama): hujus magnum nomen fuit,
Cic. Brut. 67, 238:
nomen habere,
id. ib. 69, 244:
magnum in oratoribus nomen habere,
id. Or. 6, 22:
officere nomini alicujus, Liv. praef. § 3: et nos aliquod nomenque decusque Gessimus,
Verg. A. 2, 89:
nomen gerere,
Lact. 1, 20, 3; 4, 29, 15 al.:
multi Lydia nominis Romanā vigui clarior Iliā,
Hor. C. 3, 9, 7:
nomen alicujus stringere,
Ov. Tr. 2, 350:
homines nonnullius in litteris nominis, Plin Ep. 7, 20, 3: parentes, quorum maximum nomen in civitatibus est suis,
Liv. 22, 22, 13.—Of ill repute, bad reputation: malum nomen (only rare and late Lat.): magis eligendum in paupertate nomen bonum quam in divitiis nomen pessimum, Hier. Com. Ep. Tit., Paris, 1546, p. 104 H.—
2.
Of inanimate things:
ne vinum nomen perdat,
Cato, R. R. 25:
nec Baccho genus aut pomis sua nomina servat,
Verg. G. 2, 240.—
B.
A title, pretext, pretence, color, excuse, account, sake, reason, authority, behalf, etc.: alio nomine et aliā de causā abstulisse. Cic. Rosc. Com. [p. 1214] 14, 40:
legis agrariae simulatione atque nomine,
id. Agr. 2, 6, 15:
classis nomine pecuniam imperatam queruntur,
id. Fl. 12, 27:
haec a te peto amicitiae nostrae nomine,
id. Fam. 12, 12, 3; 2, 1, 1:
nomine sceleris conjurationisque damnati,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 5, § 11:
nomine neglegentiae suspectum esse,
id. Fam. 2, 1, 1:
quid exornamus philosophiam, aut quid ejus nomine gloriosi sumus?
id. Tusc. 2, 14, 33:
qui cum luxuriose viverent, non reprehenderentur eo nomine,
id. Fin. 2, 7, 21:
gratias boni viri agebant et tuo nomine gratulabantur,
on your account, id. Phil. 1, 12, 30:
Antonio tuo nomine gratias egi,
on your behalf, id. Att. 1, 16, 16:
legationes tuo nomine proficiscentes,
id. Fam. 3, 8, 2:
quem quidem tibi etiam suo nomine commendo,
for his own sake, id. ib. 13, 21, 2:
meo nomine,
Tac. H. 1, 29:
feminarum suarum nomine,
id. G. 8:
bellum populo Romano suo nomine indixit,
Cic. Cat. 2, 6, 14:
decretae eo nomine supplicationes,
Tac. A. 14, 59;
but: acceptā ex aerario pecuniā tuo nomine,
on your responsibility, Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 7.—
C.
A name, as opposed to the reality:
me nomen habere duarum legionum exilium (opp. exercitum habere tantum),
Cic. Att. 5, 15, 1:
Campani magis nomen ad praesidium sociorum, quam vires cum attulissent,
Liv. 7, 29:
nomen amicitia est, nomen inane fides,
Ov. A. A. 1, 740.—
III.
In eccl. Lat.,
1.
Periphrastically:
invocavit nomen Domini,
Vulg. Gen. 13, 4:
omnipotens nomen ejus,
ib. Exod. 15, 3:
psallam nomini Domini,
ib. Psa. 7, 18:
blasphemare nomen ejus,
ib. Apoc. 13, 6.—
2.
Delegated power:
in nomine tuo daemones eicimus,
Vulg. Matt. 7, 22:
in quo nomine fecistis,
ib. Act. 4, 7:
locuti sunt in nomine Domini,
ib. Jacob. 5, 10.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > nomen
18 numerus

nŭmĕrus, i, m. [Gr. nemô, to distribute; cf.: numa, nemus, nummus], a number.
I.
Lit.
A.
In gen.:
illi octo cursus septem efficiunt distinctos intervallis sonos: qui numerus rerum omnium fere nodus est,
Cic. Rep. 6, 18, 18; cf. Macr. Somn. Scip. 1, 6:
duo hi numeri,
Cic. Rep. 6, 12, 12:
consummare perfectissimum numerum, quem novem novies multiplicata componunt,
Sen. Ep. 58:
numerumque referri Jussit,
that their number should be counted, Verg. E. 6, 85; cf.: numerus argenteorum facilior usui est, the counting, reckoning. Tac. G. 5 fin.: sed neque quam multae species, nec nomina quae sint Est numerus;
neque enim numero conprendere refert,
cannot be counted, Verg. G. 2, 104:
eorumque nummorum vis et potestas non in numero erat, sed in pondere,
Gai. Inst. 1, 122.—
B.
In partic.
1.
A certain collective quantity, a body, number of persons or things: tunc deinceps proximi cujusque collegii... in sortem coicerentur, quoad is numerus effectus esset, quem ad numerum in provincias mitti oporteret, S. C. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 8:
haec in Aeduorum finibus recensebantur numerusque inibatur,
Caes. B. G. 7, 76; Liv. 38, 22:
eum clavum, quia rarae per ea tempora litterae erant, notam numeri annorum fuisse ferunt,
Liv. 7, 3:
Pompilius ad pristinum numerum duo augures addidit,
Cic. Rep. 2, 14, 26:
haec enim sunt tria numero,
in number, altogether, id. de Or. 2, 28, 121:
classis mille numero navium,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 18, § 48:
oppida sua omnia, numero ad duodecim, incendunt,
Caes. B. G. 1, 5:
ad duorum milium numero ex Pompeianis cecidisse reperiebamus,
id. B. C. 3, 53: reliqui omnes, numero quadraginta, interfecti, Sall [p. 1226] J. 53, 4; cf. id. ib. 93, 8:
cum magnus piratarum numerus deesset,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 28, § 72:
ad eorum numerum,
to the full number of them, id. ib. 2, 5, 28, § 73; id. Q. Fr. 2, 13; Caes. B. G. 5, 20:
si naves suum numerum haberent,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 51, § 133:
supra numerum,
superfluous, Suet. Ner. 15; id. Claud. 25:
magnus numerus frumenti,
a great quantity, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 72, § 176; cf. id. Planc. 26, 64; Caes. B. C. 2, 18:
vini,
Cic. Phil. 2, 28, 66; so without an adj., like the Engl. number, for a great number:
est (in eādem provinciā) numerus civium Romanorum atque hominum honestissimorum,
id. Font. 5, 13 (1, 3):
plures numero tuti,
Tac. A. 14, 49 fin.:
sed illos Defendit numerus,
Juv. 2, 46; cf. Verg. E. 7, 52:
latet in numero virtus,
Sil. 1, 323.—
2.
In plur.: numeri, the mathematics, astronomy:
ut a sacerdotibus barbaris numeros et caelestia acciperet,
Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 87:
Thales hoc etiam numeris inquirit et astris,
Sid. 15, 79:
numerisque sequentibus astra,
Stat. Th. 4, 411. —Rarely in sing., Claud. Cons. Mall. 130.—
3.
In milit. lang., a division of the army, a troop, band (post-Aug.):
sparsi per provinciam numeri,
Tac. Agr. 18; cf.:
plena urbs exercitu insolito: multi ad hoc numeri e Germaniā ac Britanniā,
id. H. 1, 6:
nondum distributi in numeros erant,
Plin. Ep. 10, 29 (38), 2:
revocare ad officium numeros,
Suet. Vesp. 6:
militares numeri,
cohorts, Amm. 14, 7, 19:
in numeris esse,
to be enrolled, Dig. 29, 1, 43; cf. ib. 29, 1, 38; Claud. Epith. Pall. et Celer. 86; Inscr. Grut. 1096. —
4.
Like the Gr. arithmos, a mere number, opp. to quality, worth:
nos numerus sumus et fruges consumere nati,
we are mere numbers, ciphers, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 27; cf. Juv. 2, 46 supra.—
5.
In gram., a number (singular, plural, dual), Varr. L. L. 9, § 65 sq. Müll.; Quint. 1, 4, 27; 1, 5, 42; 47; 1, 6, 25 et saep. —
C.
Transf., poet., dice (marked with numbers):
seu ludet numerosque manu jactabit eburnos,
Ov. A. A. 2, 203:
et modo tres jactet numeros,
id. ib. 3, 355; cf. Suet. Tib. 14, 2.—
II.
Trop., number, rank, place, position, estimation, relation, class, category (cf.:
nomen, locus, in loco, in vicem): me adscribe talem (i. e. talium) in numerum,
Cic. Phil. 2, 13, 33:
in illo antiquorum hominum numero reponi,
id. Verr. 2, 3, 90, § 210:
in deorum numero haberi,
id. N. D. 3, 19, 48:
reponere,
id. ib. 3, 3, 21:
referre,
id. ib. 3, 1, 12:
numero beatorum aliquem eximere,
Hor. C, 2, 2, 18:
si quo in numero illud, quod per similitudinem affertur, et quo in loco illud, cujus causā affertur, haberi conveniat, ostendetur,
Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 151; id. Verr. 2, 2, 54, § 134:
ex hoc numero hunc esse,
id. Arch. 7, 16:
parentis numero alicui esse,
id. Div. in Caecil. 19, 61 sq.:
in hostium numero habere aliquem,
Caes. B. G. 1, 28:
ducere in numero hostium,
id. ib. 6, 32:
hujus originis apud veteres numerus erat exilis,
Amm. 23, 6, 35: in numero esse, to be of the number of, to be reckoned among, to be any thing, Lucr. 5, 180:
Q. Aelius Tubero fuit illo tempore nullo in oratorum numero,
Cic. Brut. 31, 117:
sine actione summus orator esse in numero nullo potest,
id. de Or. 3, 56, 213:
quo sunt in numero Curiosolites, etc.,
Caes. B. G. 7, 75, 4; 3, 7, 2; Nep. Att. 1, 4:
quo in numero ego sum,
Cic. Fam. 13, 23, 1; Caes. B. C. 2, 44, 3; 3, 53, 2:
qui in eo numero fuisset,
Cic. Phil. 2, 11, 25; id. Fl. 4, 9; id. Fam. 7, 6, 1:
quo in numero hi quoque fuerunt,
Liv. 39, 36 fin. — Without in:
ut civium numero simus,
Liv. 4, 4, 12; 7, 30, 19; 30, 42, 9; 4, 56, 11;
36, 35, 9: aliquem hostium numero habere,
Caes. B. G. 6, 6, 3; id. B. C. 3, 82, 3; id. B. G. 6, 21, 2:
qui hostium numero non sunt,
Cic. Phil. 13, 5, 11; id. Brut. 20, 78:
aliquo numero esse,
to be of some repute, id. Fam. 1, 10; Caes. B. G. 6, 13, 1; cf. Cic. Or. 62, 208; id. de Or. 3, 9, 33:
Bambalio quidam, homo nullo numero,
of no account, Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 16:
numerum aliquem obtinere,
id. Brut. 47, 175.—
B.
A part of a whole, member, category:
omnes numeros virtutis continet,
Cic. Fin. 3, 7, 24:
varium et elegans omni fere numero poëma,
id. Ac. 1, 3, 9:
mundus perfectus expletusque omnibus suis numeris atque partibus,
id. N. D. 2, 13, 37:
animalia imperfecta suisque Trunca vident numeris,
Ov. M. 1, 427; 7, 126:
quid omnibus numeris praestantius?
Quint. 10, 1, 91:
liber numeris omnibus absolutus,
Plin. Ep. 9, 38; cf. of the days of the month: luna alternis mensibus XXX. implebit numeros, alternis vero detrahet singulos, Plin. 18, 32, 75, § 325.—Hence, omnium numerorum esse, to be complete, perfect, Petr. 68:
puer omnium numerūm,
id. ib. 63. And, on the contrary:
deesse numeris suis,
to be deficient, Ov. Am. 3, 8, 11.—
C.
Order:
quaecumque in foliis descripsit carmina virgo, Digerit in numerum,
Verg. A. 3, 446.—
D.
An office, duty, part:
ad numeros exige quidque suos,
Ov. R. Am. 372:
Veneri numeros eripere suos,
id. H. 4, 88; id. Am. 3, 7, 18; cf. id. ib. 3, 7, 26:
verae numeros modosque ediscere vitae,
Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 143.—
E.
Musical measure, time, rhythm, harmony, numbers:
in numerum exsultant,
Lucr. 2, 631:
in musicis numeri, et voces et modi, etc.,
Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 187; Quint. 9, 4, 126:
histrio si paulum se movet extra numerum,
Cic. Par. 3, 2, 26; Quint. 12, 2, 12:
sit igitur hoc cognitum, in solutis etiam verbis inesse numeros,
Cic. Or. 56, 190:
Isocrates verbis solutis numeros primus adjunxit,
id. ib. 52, 174:
in solutā oratione... modum tamen et numerum quendam oportere servari,
id. Brut. 8, 32:
multum interest, utrum numerosa sit, id est similis numerorum, an plane e numeris constet oratio,
id. Or. 65, 220:
redigere omnes fere in quadrum numerumque sententias,
id. ib. 61, 208.—Hence, quamvis nil extra numerum fecisse modumque Curas, nothing out of measure, improper, Hor. Ep. 1, 18, 59.—
2.
A measure, number, in poetry:
nam cum sint numeri plures, iambum et trochaeum frequentem segregat ab oratore Aristoteles,
Cic. de Or. 3, 47, 182; id. Or. 64, 215:
numeris nectere verba,
Ov. P. 4, 2, 30; 4, 2, 5:
numeros memini, si verba tenerem,
i. e. the tune, Verg. E. 9, 45:
numerisque fertur Lege solutis,
Hor. C. 4, 2, 11.—
3.
A verse, in gen. ( poet.):
arma gravi numero violentaque bella parabam Edere,
i. e. verses in heroic metre, Ov. Am. 1, 1, 1:
impares,
i. e. elegiac verses, id. ib. 3, 1, 37.—Hence, nŭmĕrō (abl.), adverb., lit., measured according to number or time, i. e. precisely, exactly, just (only ante-class.; freq. in Plautus; not found in Ter. or Lucr.).
A.
Just, precisely, at the right time, on the instant: numero mihi in mentem fuit. Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 25: neminem vidi, qui numero sciret, quod scitu est opus, Naev. ap. Fest. p. 170 Müll.—
B.
Quickly, rapidly, soon:
numero significat cito,
Non. 352, 16 sq.:
(apes) si quando displicatae sunt, cymbalis et plausibus numero reducunt in locum unum,
Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 7. —With nimis: perfalsum et abs te creditum numero nimis, too quickly, too soon, Afran. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 170 Müll.: numquam nimis numero quemquam vidi facere, quam facto est opus, Turp. ap. Non. 352, 20.—
2.
In a bad sense, too quickly, too hastily, too soon:
Menaechme, numero huc advenis ad prandium: Nunc opsonatu redeo,
Plaut. Men. 2, 2, 13:
numero dicis,
id. Cas. 3, 5, 28; id. Mil. 5, 1, 6:
o Apella, o Zeuxis pictor, Cur numero estis mortui, hinc exemplum ut pingeretis?
why have you died too soon? id. Poen. 5, 4, 102; Afran. ap. Non. 352, 26; id. ap. Paul. ex Fest. l. l.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > numerus
19 pretium

prĕtĭum, ii, n. [Sanscr. root par-, pana (for parna), wager, loan; Gr. pi-praskô, to sell; priamai, to buy; cf. pornos], that for or by which any thing is bought or sold (class.).
I.
Lit., money spent for any thing:
nil pretio parsit, filio dum parceret,
Plaut. Capt. prol. 32:
femina... urbem Exiguam pretio posuit,
for money has founded a small city, Verg. A. 4, 211:
vectigalia parvo pretio redempta habere,
for little money, cheaply, Caes. B. G. 1, 18:
pretio mercari ordinem senatorium,
to purchase, to gain with money, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 49, § 122:
permutare pretio noluit, aliāve merce,
Plin. 9, 55, 81, § 171.—
B.
In gen., money, wealth, etc. ( poet.), Ov. P. 2, 8, 6:
in pretio pretium nunc est,
id. F. 1, 217:
converso in pretium deo,
i. e. into a shower of gold, Hor. C. 3, 16, 8.—
II.
Transf., worth, value, price.
A.
In gen.: nec mi aurum posco nec mi pretium dederitis, Enn. ap. Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38 (Ann. v. 200 Vahl.):
pretium statuere merci,
to set, fix, Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 133:
pretium certum constituere,
Cic. Att. 12, 33, 1:
enumerare,
id. Rosc. Am. 46, 133:
pacisci pro re aliquā,
to agree upon, settle, id. Off. 3, 29, 107:
exsolvere,
Plaut. Men. 5, 6, 26:
quibus hic pretiis porci veneunt?
at what prices are they sold here? id. ib. 2, 2, 15:
vendere aliquid pretio suo,
id. Pers. 4, 4, 30; id. Ps. 1, 2, 36:
parare sibi pretio aliquid,
id. Merc. 2, 3, 7:
multi extulerunt eorum pretia,
Varr. R. R. 3, 6, 6:
jacent pretia praediorum,
are low, down, fallen, Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33.—
B.
Esp.
1.
In phrases: magni, parvi pretii esse, to be high or low in price, of much or little worth, of great or of small value:
nullus est tam parvi pretii, quin,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 60:
ne tu habes servum graphicum, et quantivis pretii!
id. Ep. 3, 3, 29:
agrum majoris pretii nemo habet,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 12:
noli spectare, quanti homo sit: parvi enim pretii est, qui jam nihil est,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 4:
de illis potissimum jactura fit, quia pretii minimi sunt,
Sall. Or. ad Caes. 2, 9: pretium habere, to have a value, to be worth something:
vendat oleum, si pretium habeat,
Cato, R. R. 2, 7:
annona porro pretium nisi in calamitate fructuum non habet,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 98, § 227; but also: pretium habere, to have a price, be for sale:
quis ignorat quin id longe sit liberalibus disciplinis dignissimum, non vendere operam: cum pleraque hoc ipso possint videri vilia, quod pretium habent,
Quint. 12, 7, 8; hence: pretium non habere, to have no price, be above price (late Lat.):
nihil esse pretiosius, immo eum pretium non habere testatur,
Aug. Serm. 36, 8: in pretio esse, to be of worth, value, or estimation, to be in repute:
tum coquus in pretio esse (coeptus),
Liv. 39, 6, 9:
nec in pretio fertilis hortus erat,
Ov. F. 5, 316; Plin. 33, 1, 6, § 22: in pretio habere, to regard as of value:
in magno pretio habere,
Sen. Ep. 75, 11:
aurum et argentum in pretio habent,
Tac. G. 5;
for which cf.: pudebat libertatis majus esse apud feminas quam apud viros pretium,
Curt. 8, 2, 28: pretium facere, to fix or set a price or value; of a seller: indica, fac pretium. Do. Tua merx est;
tua indicatio est,
Plaut. Pers. 4, 4, 37;
of a purchaser: quis faceret pretium, nisi qui sua perdere vellet Omnia?
Mart. 1, 86, 7; Dig. 10, 3, 19.—
2.
Wages, reward (mostly poet.):
pro pretio facio ut opera appareat,
Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 59:
operam Epidici nunc me emere pretio pretioso velim,
id. Ep. 1, 2, 17:
reddere alicui pro benefactis,
id. Capt. 5, 1, 20:
palmae pretium victoribus,
Verg. A. 5, 111.—
III.
Trop., worth, value:
quales ex hac die experiundo cognovit, perinde operae eorum pretium faceret,
would estimate their services, Liv. 27, 17:
sive aliquod morum Est pretium,
Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 43: corticis etiam ad medicamenta pretium est, Plin, 12, 25, 54, § 118; 12, 19, 43, § 95.—
B.
Transf., pay, hire, wages, reward, price (cf.: stipendium, merces).
1.
In a good sense: majores seorsum atque diversum pretium paravere bonis atque strenuis, decurionatus... aliosque honores, Cato ap. Fest. s. v. optionatus, p. 201 Müll.; so,
= praemium (opp. poena), ita et pretium recte facti triumphum haberet L. Paulus pro egregie bello gesto,
Liv. 45, 37, 5:
ut pretium honoremque debito beneficio addat,
id. 45, 14, 1:
cum pro cujusque merito consul pretia poenasque exsolvisset,
id. 26, 40, 15 Weissenb. ad loc.:
satis ampla pretia,
prizes, id. 21, 43, 6:
virtutum pretium,
Sen. Clem. 1, 1, 1.— Plur.: tam longā valetudine conflictabatur, ut haec tanta pretia vivendi mortis rationibus vincerentur, rewards of living, i. e. motives for living, Plin. Ep. 1, 12, 4.—Esp. in phrase pretium curae, and more freq. pretium operae, a reward for trouble:
mihi visum est pretium curae, ipsum, senatus consultum quaerere,
seemed to me worth the trouble, worth while, Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 2:
est pretium curae cognoscere, etc.,
Juv. 6, 474: facturusne operae pretium sim, etc.,... nec satis scio, what will pay for the trouble, Liv. praef.:
operae pretium habent libertatem, civitatemque,
id. 25, 6; 21, 43: audire est operae pretium, etc., Enn. ap. Acron. ad Hor. S. 1, 2, 37 (Ann. v. 454 Vahl.); so Liv. 3, 26, 7: reddere opis pretium pro factis, Enn. ap. Sen. Ep. 108 (Epigr. v. 6 Vahl.):
quo in genere est operae pretium diligentiam majorum recordari,
it is worth while, Cic. Agr. 2, 27, 73:
captā urbe, operae pretium fore,
Sall. J. 81, 2;
so without operae (post-Aug.): Germanico pretium fuit convertere agmen,
thought it of importance, Tac. A. 1, 57:
ni pretium foret Pisonis sententias noscere,
were it not worth while, were it not of importance, id. ib. 2, 35:
posse eum, si operae pretium faciat, principem popularium esse,
if he does any thing worth while, any thing of importance, Liv. 25, 30: duos servos ad hostes transfugisse et operae pretium fecisse, have done valuable service, Quadrig. ap. Sen. Ben. 3, 23:
scriptor minime utilis, cujus libro adtingere nullum pretium operae sit,
Gell. 12, 2, 1; so,
operis pretium est,
Sil. 16, 45.—
2.
In a bad sense (i. q. poena), reward, punishment, like the Gr. timê, misthos ( poet.): si malos imitabor, tum pretium pro noxā dabis, Liv. And. ap. Non. 365, 27:
verbera, compedes, molae... haec pretia sunt ignaviae,
Plaut. Men. 5, 6, 10:
ego pretium ob stultitiam fero,
Ter. And. 3, 5, 4:
et peccare nefas, aut pretium est mori,
Hor. C. 3, 24, 24:
ille crucem pretium sceleris tulit, hic diadema,
Juv. 13, 105.—Of bribery:
adduci pretio ad hominem condemnandum,
Cic. Caecil. 10, 29:
pretio judicem corrumpere,
id. ib. 25, 72:
nec prece, nec pretio a rectā viā deduci,
Auct. Her. 3, 3, 4.

Lewis & Short latin dictionary > pretium

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